月日，居易白。微之足下：自足下谪江陵至于今，凡枉赠答诗仅百篇。每诗来，或辱序，或辱书，冠于卷首，皆所以陈古今歌诗之义，且自叙为文因缘，与年月之远近也。仆既受足下诗，又谕足下此意，常欲承答来旨，粗论歌诗大端，并自述为文之意，总为一书，致足下前。累岁已来，牵故少暇，间有容隙，或欲为之；又自思所陈，亦无出足下之见；临纸复罢者数四，卒不能成就其志，以至于今。今俟罪浔阳，除盥栉食寝外无余事，因览足下去通州日所留新旧文二十六轴，开卷得意，忽如会面，心所畜者，便欲快言，往往自疑，不知相去万里也。既而愤悱之气，思有所浊，遂追就前志，勉为此书，足下幸试为仆留意一省。夫文，尚矣，三才各有文。天之文三光首之；地之文五材首之；人之文《六经》首之。就《六经》言，《诗》又首之。何者？圣人感人心而天下和平。感人心者，莫先乎情，莫始乎言，莫切乎声，莫深乎义。诗者，根情，苗言，华声，实义。上自圣贤，下至愚騃，微及豚鱼，幽及鬼神。群分而气同，形异而情一。未有声入而不应、情交而不感者。圣人知其然，因其言，经之以六义；缘其声，纬之以五音。音有韵，义有类。韵协则言顺，言顺则声易入；类举则情见，情见则感易交。于是乎孕大含深，贯微洞密，上下通而一气泰，忧乐合而百志熙。五帝三皇所以直道而行、垂拱而理者，揭此以为大柄，决此以为大窦也。故闻“元首明，股肱良”之歌，则知虞道昌矣。闻五子洛汭之歌，则知夏政荒矣。言者无罪，闻者足诫，言者闻者莫不两尽其心焉。洎周衰秦兴，采诗官废，上不以诗补察时政，下不以歌泄导人情。用至于谄成之风动，救失之道缺。于时六义始剚矣。《国风》变为《骚辞》，五言始于苏、李。《诗》、《骚》皆不遇者，各系其志，发而为文。故河梁之句，止于伤别；泽畔之吟，归于怨思。彷徨抑郁，不暇及他耳。然去《诗》未远，梗概尚存。故兴离别则引双凫一雁为喻，讽君子小人则引香草恶鸟为比。虽义类不具，犹得风人之什二三焉。于时六义始缺矣。晋、宋已还，得者盖寡。以康乐之奥博，多溺于山水；以渊明之高古，偏放于田园。江、鲍之流，又狭于此。如梁鸿《五噫》之例者，百无一二。于时六义浸微矣！陵夷至于梁、陈间，率不过嘲风雪、弄花草而已。噫！风雪花草之物，三百篇中岂舍之乎？顾所用何如耳。设如“北风其凉”，假风以刺威虐；“雨雪霏霏”，因雪以愍征役；“棠棣之华”，感华以讽兄弟；“采采芣苡”，美草以乐有子也。皆兴发于此而义归于彼。反是者，可乎哉！然则“余霞散成绮，澄江净如练”，“归花先委露，别叶乍辞风”之什，丽则丽矣，吾不知其所讽焉。故仆所谓嘲风雪、弄花草而已。于时六义尽去矣。唐兴二百年，其间诗人不可胜数。所可举者，陈子昂有《感遇诗》二十首，鲍防《感兴诗》十五篇。又诗之豪者，世称李、杜。李之作，才矣！奇矣！人不迨矣！索其风雅比兴，十无一焉。杜诗最多，可传者千余首。至于贯穿古今，覙缕格律，尽工尽善，又过于李焉。然撮其《新安》、《石壕》、《潼关吏》、《芦子关》、《花门》之章，“朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨”之句，亦不过十三四。杜尚如此，况不迨杜者乎？仆常痛诗道崩坏，忽忽愤发，或废食辍寝，不量才力，欲扶起之。嗟乎！事有大谬者，又不可一二而言，然亦不能不粗陈于左右。仆始生六七月时，乳母抱弄于书屏下，有指“之”字、“无”字示仆者，仆口未能言，心已默识。后有问此二字者，虽百十其试，而指之不差。则知仆宿习之缘，已在文字中矣。及五六岁，便学为诗。九岁谙识声韵。十五六，始知有进士，苦节读书。二十已来，昼课赋，夜课书，间又课诗，不遑寝息矣。以至于口舌成疮，手肘成胝。既壮而肤革不丰盈，未老而齿发早衰白；瞀瞀然如飞蝇垂珠在眸子中者，动以万数，盖以苦学力文之所致，又自悲。家贫多故，二十七方从乡赋。既第之后，虽专于科试，亦不废诗。及授校书郎时，已盈三四百首。或出示交友如足下辈，见皆谓之工，其实未窥作者之域耳。自登朝来，年齿渐长，阅事渐多。每与人言，多询时务；每读书史，多求理道。始知文章合为时而着，歌诗合为事而作。是时皇帝初即位，宰府有正人，屡降玺书，访人急病。仆当此日，擢在翰林，身是谏官，月请谏纸。启奏之间，有可以救济人病，裨补时阙，而难于指言者，辄咏歌之，欲稍稍进闻于上。上以广宸听，副忧勤；次以酬恩奖，塞言责；下以复吾平生之志。岂图志未就而悔已生，言未闻而谤已成矣！又请为左右终言之。凡闻仆《贺雨诗》，众口籍籍，以为非宜矣；闻仆《哭孔戡诗》，众面脉脉，尽不悦矣；闻《秦中吟》，则权豪贵近者，相目而变色矣；闻《登乐游园》寄足下诗，则执政柄者扼腕矣；闻《宿紫阁村》诗，则握军要者切齿矣！大率如此，不可遍举。不相与者，号为沽誉，号为诋讦，号为讪谤。苟相与者，则如牛僧孺之诫焉。乃至骨肉妻孥，皆以我为非也。其不我非者，举世不过三两人。有邓鲂者，见仆诗而喜，无何鲂死。有唐衢者，见仆诗而泣，未几而衢死。其余即足下。足下又十年来困踬若此。呜唿！岂六义四始之风，天将破坏，不可支持耶？抑又不知天意不欲使下人病苦闻于上耶？不然，何有志于诗者，不利若此之甚也！然仆又自思关东一男子耳，除读书属文外，其他懵然无知，乃至书画棋博，可以接群居之欢者，一无通晓，即其愚拙可知矣！初应进士时，中朝无缌麻之亲，达官无半面之旧；策蹇步于利足之途，张空拳于战文之场。十年之间，三登科第，名落众耳，迹升清贯，出交贤俊，入侍冕旒。始得名于文章，终得罪于文章，亦其宜也。日者闻亲友间说，礼、吏部举选人，多以仆私试赋判为准的。其余诗句，亦往往在人口中。仆恧然自愧，不之信也。及再来长安，又闻有军使高霞寓者，欲聘倡妓，妓大夸曰：“我诵得白学士《长恨歌》，岂同他哉？”由是增价。又足下书云：到通州日，见江馆柱间有题仆诗者。何人哉？又昨过汉南日，适遇主人集众娱乐，他宾诸妓见仆来，指而相顾曰：此是《秦中吟》、《长恨歌》主耳。自长安抵江西三四千里，凡乡校、佛寺、逆旅、行舟之中，往往有题仆诗者；士庶、僧徒、孀妇、处女之口，每有咏仆诗者。此诚雕篆之戏，不足为多，然今时俗所重，正在此耳。虽前贤如渊、云者，前辈如李、杜者，亦未能忘情于其间。古人云：“名者公器，不可多取。”仆是何者，窃时之名已多。既窃时名，又欲窃时之富贵，使己为造物者，肯兼与之乎？今之屯穷，理固然也。况诗人多蹇，如陈子昂、杜甫，各授一拾遗，而屯剥至死。孟浩然辈不及一命，穷悴终身。近日孟郊六十，终试协律；张籍五十，未离一太祝。彼何人哉！况仆之才又不迨彼。今虽谪佐远郡，而官品至第五，月俸四五万，寒有衣，饥有食，给身之外，施及家人。亦可谓不负白氏子矣。微之，微之！勿念我哉！仆数月来，检讨囊帙中，得新旧诗，各以类分，分为卷目。自拾遗来，凡所遇所感，关于美刺兴比者；又自武德至元和，因事立题，题为“新乐府”者，共一百五十首，谓之讽谕诗。又或退公独处，或移动病闲居，知足保和，吟玩性情者一百首，谓之”闲适诗“。又有事物牵于外，情理动于内，随感遇而形于叹咏者一百首，谓之”感伤诗“。又有五言、七言、长句、绝句，自一百韵至两百韵者四百余首，谓之”杂律诗“。凡为十五卷，约八百首。异时相见，当尽致于执事。微之，古人云：“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。”仆虽不肖，常师此语。大丈夫所守者道，所待者时。时之来也，为云龙，为风鹏，勃然突然，陈力以出；时之不来也，为雾豹，为冥鸿，寂兮寥兮，奉身而退。进退出处，何往而不自得哉！故仆志在兼济，行在独善，奉而始终之则为道，言而发明之则为诗。谓之讽谕诗，兼济之志也；谓之闲适诗，独善之义也。故览仆诗者，知仆之道焉。其余杂律诗，或诱于一时一物，发于一笑一吟，率然成章，非平生所尚者，但以亲朋合散之际，取其释恨佐欢，今铨次之间，未能删去。他时有为我编集斯文者，略之可也。微之，夫贵耳贱目，荣古陋今，人之大情也。仆不能远征古旧，如近岁韦苏州歌行，才丽之外，颇近兴讽；其五言诗，又高雅闲淡，自成一家之体，今之秉笔者谁能及之？然当苏州在时，人亦未甚爱重，必待身后，人始贵之。今仆之诗，人所爱者，悉不过杂律诗与《长恨歌》已下耳。时之所重，仆之所轻。至于讽谕者，意激而言质；闲适者，思澹而辞迂。以质合迂，宜人之不爱也。今所爱者，并世而生，独足下耳。然百千年后，安知复无如足下者出，而知爱我诗哉？故自八九年来，与足下小通则以诗相戒，小穷则以诗相勉，索居则以诗相慰，同处则以诗相娱。知吾罪吾，率以诗也。如今年春游城南时，与足下马上相戏，因各诵新艳小律，不杂他篇，自皇子陂归昭国里，迭吟递唱，不绝声者二十里余。攀、李在傍，无所措口。知我者以为诗仙，不知我者以为诗魔。何则？劳心灵，役声气，连朝接夕，不自知其苦，非魔而何？偶同人当美景，或花时宴罢，或月夜酒酣，一咏一吟，不觉老之将至。虽骖鸾鹤、游蓬瀛者之适，无以加于此焉，又非仙而何？微之，微之！此吾所以与足下外形骸、脱踪迹、傲轩鼎、轻人寰者，又以此也。当此之时，足下兴有余力，且欲与仆悉索还往中诗，取其尤长者，如张十八古乐府，李二十新歌行，卢、杨二秘书律诗，窦七、元八绝句，博搜精掇，编而次之，号为《元白往还集》。众君子得拟议于此者，莫不踊跃欣喜，以为盛事。嗟乎！言未终而足下左转，不数月而仆又继行，心期索然，何日成就？又可为之太息矣！仆常语足下，凡人为文，私于自是，不忍于割截，或失于繁多。其间妍媸，益又自惑。必待交友有公鉴无姑息者，讨论而削夺之，然后繁简当否，得其中矣。况仆与足下，为文尤患其多。己尚病，况他人乎？今且各纂诗笔，粗为卷第，待与足下相见日，各出所有，终前志焉。又不知相遇是何年，相见是何地，溘然而至，则如之何？微之知我心哉！浔阳腊月，江风苦寒，岁暮鲜欢，夜长少睡。引笔铺纸，悄然灯前，有念则书，言无铨次。勿以繁杂为倦，且以代一夕之话言也。居易自叙如此，文士以为信然。宓子弹琴日，山涛谪宦时。泽梁施禁网，鳏寡遂恩私。未识洪钧妙，应沾造物奇。周南王化远，终不负螽斯。闺思颠狂柳絮扑帘飞，绿暗红稀。垂杨影里杜鹃啼，一弄儿断送了春归。牡丹亭畔人寂静，恼芳心似醉如痴。恹恹为他成病也，松金钏，褪罗衣。【酥枣儿】一自相逢，将人来萦系。樽前席上，眼约心期。比及道是配合了，受了些闲是闲非。咱各办着个坚心，要拨个终缘之计。【鲍老儿】当初指望成家计，谁想琼簪碎；当初指望无抛弃，谁想银瓶坠。烦烦恼恼，哀哀怨怨，哭哭啼啼，回黄倒皂，长吁短叹，自跌自堆。【鲍老三台滚】俺也自如，鸾台懒傍尘土迷；俺也自知，金钗款亸云鬓堆；俺也自知，绝鳞翼、断信息、几时回？乍别来肌如削，早是我多病多愁，正值着困人的天气。【墙头花】守香闺，镇日情如醉，闷懊恼离愁空教我诉与谁？愁闻的是紫燕关关，倦听的是黄莺呖呖。【卖花声煞】愁山闷海不许当敌，好教我无一个百刂划，耐心儿多陪下些凄惶泪。唿侍婢将绣帘低放，把重门深闭，怕莺花笑人憔悴。有雨难澄镜，无萍易掷钩。鼓宜尧女瑟，荡必蔡姬舟。太液秋波有雁来。单影可堪明月照，红颜无奈落花催。五云遥指海中央，金鼎曾传肘后方。三岛路岐空有月，玉华寒，冰壶冻。云间玉免，水面苍龙。酒一樽，琴三弄。唤起凌波仙人梦，倚阑干满面天风。楼台远近，干坤表里，江汉西东。　太湖春波碧琼纹，玻璃。离情汲汲，潭影悠悠。古渡头，长桥右。一片青风吹皱，洗桃花昨夜新愁。浮沉锦鳞，高低紫燕，远近白鸥。　龙庙甘泉养萍实，分桃浪。源通虎跑，味胜蜂糖。可煮茶，堪供酿。第四桥边冰轮上，浸一泓碧玉流香。香消酒容，芳腴齿牙，冷渗诗肠。　洞庭白云变阴晴，乘鸾凤。西山暮色，东岳奇峰。可自怡，难持送。舒卷无心为时用，庆风雷际会从龙。襄王梦里，高僧屋内，彦敬图中。　前村远帆远村西，夕阳外。倒悬一片，瀑布飞来。万里程，三州界。走羽流星迎风快，把湖光山色分开。飞鲸涌绿，墙乌点墨，江鸟逾白。　雪滩晚钓水痕收，平沙冻。千山落日，一线西风。箬帽偏，冰蓑重。待遇当年非熊梦，古溪边老了渔翁。得鱼贯柳，唿童唤酒，醉倚孤篷。　华岩晚钟斗杓低，潮音应。菩提玉杵，金声。蝶梦惊，龙神听。夜坐高僧回禅定，诵琅函九九残经。谯楼鼓歇，兰舟缆解，茅店鸡鸣。　西山夕照晚云收，夕阳挂。一川枫叶，两岸芦花。鸥鹭栖，牛羊下。万顷波光天图画，水晶宫冷浸红霞。凝烟暮景，转晖老树，背影昏鸦。

yue ri .ju yi bai .wei zhi zu xia .zi zu xia zhe jiang ling zhi yu jin .fan wang zeng da shi jin bai pian .mei shi lai .huo ru xu .huo ru shu .guan yu juan shou .jie suo yi chen gu jin ge shi zhi yi .qie zi xu wei wen yin yuan .yu nian yue zhi yuan jin ye .pu ji shou zu xia shi .you yu zu xia ci yi .chang yu cheng da lai zhi .cu lun ge shi da duan .bing zi shu wei wen zhi yi .zong wei yi shu .zhi zu xia qian .lei sui yi lai .qian gu shao xia .jian you rong xi .huo yu wei zhi .you zi si suo chen .yi wu chu zu xia zhi jian .lin zhi fu ba zhe shu si .zu bu neng cheng jiu qi zhi .yi zhi yu jin .jin si zui xun yang .chu guan zhi shi qin wai wu yu shi .yin lan zu xia qu tong zhou ri suo liu xin jiu wen er shi liu zhou .kai juan de yi .hu ru hui mian .xin suo xu zhe .bian yu kuai yan .wang wang zi yi .bu zhi xiang qu wan li ye .ji er fen fei zhi qi .si you suo zhuo .sui zhui jiu qian zhi .mian wei ci shu .zu xia xing shi wei pu liu yi yi sheng .fu wen .shang yi .san cai ge you wen .tian zhi 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yi .yan zhe wu zui .wen zhe zu jie .yan zhe wen zhe mo bu liang jin qi xin yan .ji zhou shuai qin xing .cai shi guan fei .shang bu yi shi bu cha shi zheng .xia bu yi ge xie dao ren qing .yong zhi yu chan cheng zhi feng dong .jiu shi zhi dao que .yu shi liu yi shi zi yi ..guo feng .bian wei .sao ci ..wu yan shi yu su .li ..shi ...sao .jie bu yu zhe .ge xi qi zhi .fa er wei wen .gu he liang zhi ju .zhi yu shang bie .ze pan zhi yin .gui yu yuan si .fang huang yi yu .bu xia ji ta er .ran qu .shi .wei yuan .geng gai shang cun .gu xing li bie ze yin shuang fu yi yan wei yu .feng jun zi xiao ren ze yin xiang cao e niao wei bi .sui yi lei bu ju .you de feng ren zhi shi er san yan .yu shi liu yi shi que yi .jin .song yi huan .de zhe gai gua .yi kang le zhi ao bo .duo ni yu shan shui .yi yuan ming zhi gao gu .pian fang yu tian yuan .jiang .bao zhi liu .you xia yu ci .ru liang hong .wu yi .zhi li zhe .bai wu yi er .yu shi liu yi jin wei yi .ling yi zhi yu liang .chen jian .lv bu guo chao feng xue .nong hua cao er yi .yi .feng xue hua cao zhi wu .san bai pian zhong qi she zhi hu .gu suo yong he ru er .she ru .bei feng qi liang ..jia feng yi ci wei nue ..yu xue fei fei ..yin xue yi min zheng yi ..tang di zhi hua ..gan hua yi feng xiong di ..cai cai fu yi ..mei cao yi le you zi ye .jie xing fa yu ci er yi gui yu bi .fan shi zhe .ke hu zai .ran ze .yu xia san cheng qi .cheng jiang jing ru lian ...gui hua xian wei lu .bie ye zha ci feng .zhi shi .li ze li yi .wu bu zhi qi suo feng yan .gu pu suo wei chao feng xue .nong hua cao er yi .yu shi liu yi jin qu yi .tang xing er bai nian .qi jian shi ren bu ke sheng shu .suo ke ju zhe .chen zi ang you .gan yu shi .er shi shou .bao fang .gan xing shi .shi wu pian .you shi zhi hao zhe .shi cheng li .du .li zhi zuo .cai yi .qi yi .ren bu dai yi .suo qi feng ya bi xing .shi wu yi yan .du shi zui duo .ke chuan zhe qian yu shou .zhi yu guan chuan gu jin .zhen lv ge lv .jin gong jin shan .you guo yu li yan .ran cuo qi .xin an ...shi hao ...tong 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.xing zhou zhi zhong .wang wang you ti pu shi zhe .shi shu .seng tu .shuang fu .chu nv zhi kou .mei you yong pu shi zhe .ci cheng diao zhuan zhi xi .bu zu wei duo .ran jin shi su suo zhong .zheng zai ci er .sui qian xian ru yuan .yun zhe .qian bei ru li .du zhe .yi wei neng wang qing yu qi jian .gu ren yun ..ming zhe gong qi .bu ke duo qu ..pu shi he zhe .qie shi zhi ming yi duo .ji qie shi ming .you yu qie shi zhi fu gui .shi ji wei zao wu zhe .ken jian yu zhi hu .jin zhi tun qiong .li gu ran ye .kuang shi ren duo jian .ru chen zi ang .du fu .ge shou yi shi yi .er tun bao zhi si .meng hao ran bei bu ji yi ming .qiong cui zhong shen .jin ri meng jiao liu shi .zhong shi xie lv .zhang ji wu shi .wei li yi tai zhu .bi he ren zai .kuang pu zhi cai you bu dai bi .jin sui zhe zuo yuan jun .er guan pin zhi di wu .yue feng si wu wan .han you yi .ji you shi .gei shen zhi wai .shi ji jia ren .yi ke wei bu fu bai shi zi yi .wei zhi .wei zhi .wu nian wo zai .pu shu yue lai .jian tao nang zhi zhong .de xin jiu shi .ge yi lei fen .fen wei juan mu .zi shi yi lai .fan suo yu suo gan .guan yu mei ci xing bi zhe .you zi wu de zhi yuan he .yin shi li ti .ti wei .xin le fu .zhe .gong yi bai wu shi shou .wei zhi feng yu shi .you huo tui gong du chu .huo yi dong bing xian ju .zhi zu bao he .yin wan xing qing zhe yi bai shou .wei zhi .xian shi shi ..you you shi wu qian yu wai .qing li dong yu nei .sui gan yu er xing yu tan yong zhe yi bai shou .wei zhi .gan shang shi ..you you wu yan .qi yan .chang ju .jue ju .zi yi bai yun zhi liang bai yun zhe si bai yu shou .wei zhi .za lv shi ..fan wei shi wu juan .yue ba bai shou .yi shi xiang jian .dang jin zhi yu zhi shi .wei zhi .gu ren yun ..qiong ze du shan qi shen .da ze jian ji tian xia ..pu sui bu xiao .chang shi ci yu .da zhang fu suo shou zhe dao .suo dai zhe shi .shi zhi lai ye .wei yun long .wei feng peng .bo ran tu ran .chen li yi chu .shi zhi bu lai ye .wei wu bao .wei ming hong .ji xi liao xi .feng shen er tui .jin tui chu chu .he wang 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zhi .xian shi zhe .si dan er ci you .yi zhi he you .yi ren zhi bu ai ye .jin suo ai zhe .bing shi er sheng .du zu xia er .ran bai qian nian hou .an zhi fu wu ru zu xia zhe chu .er zhi ai wo shi zai .gu zi ba jiu nian lai .yu zu xia xiao tong ze yi shi xiang jie .xiao qiong ze yi shi xiang mian .suo ju ze yi shi xiang wei .tong chu ze yi shi xiang yu .zhi wu zui wu .lv yi shi ye .ru jin nian chun you cheng nan shi .yu zu xia ma shang xiang xi .yin ge song xin yan xiao lv .bu za ta pian .zi huang zi bei gui zhao guo li .die yin di chang .bu jue sheng zhe er shi li yu .pan .li zai bang .wu suo cuo kou .zhi wo zhe yi wei shi xian .bu zhi wo zhe yi wei shi mo .he ze .lao xin ling .yi sheng qi .lian chao jie xi .bu zi zhi qi ku .fei mo er he .ou tong ren dang mei jing .huo hua shi yan ba .huo yue ye jiu han .yi yong yi yin .bu jue lao zhi jiang zhi .sui can luan he .you peng ying zhe zhi shi .wu yi jia yu ci yan .you fei xian er he .wei zhi .wei zhi .ci wu suo yi yu zu xia wai xing hai .tuo zong ji .ao xuan ding .qing ren huan zhe .you yi ci ye .dang ci zhi shi .zu xia xing you yu li .qie yu yu pu xi suo huan wang zhong shi .qu qi you chang zhe .ru zhang shi ba gu le fu .li er shi xin ge xing .lu .yang er mi shu lv shi .dou qi .yuan ba jue ju .bo sou jing duo .bian er ci zhi .hao wei .yuan bai wang huan ji ..zhong jun zi de ni yi yu ci zhe .mo bu yong yue xin xi .yi wei sheng shi .jie hu .yan wei zhong er zu xia zuo zhuan .bu shu yue er pu you ji xing .xin qi suo ran .he ri cheng jiu .you ke wei zhi tai xi yi .pu chang yu zu xia .fan ren wei wen .si yu zi shi .bu ren yu ge jie .huo shi yu fan duo .qi jian yan chi .yi you zi huo .bi dai jiao you you gong jian wu gu xi zhe .tao lun er xiao duo zhi .ran hou fan jian dang fou .de qi zhong yi .kuang pu yu zu xia .wei wen you huan qi duo .ji shang bing .kuang ta ren hu .jin qie ge zuan shi bi .cu wei juan di .dai yu zu xia xiang jian ri .ge chu suo you .zhong qian zhi yan .you bu zhi xiang yu shi he nian .xiang jian shi he di 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pao qi .shui xiang yin ping zhui .fan fan nao nao .ai ai yuan yuan .ku ku ti ti .hui huang dao zao .chang yu duan tan .zi die zi dui ..bao lao san tai gun .an ye zi ru .luan tai lan bang chen tu mi .an ye zi zhi .jin cha kuan duo yun bin dui .an ye zi zhi .jue lin yi .duan xin xi .ji shi hui .zha bie lai ji ru xiao .zao shi wo duo bing duo chou .zheng zhi zhuo kun ren de tian qi ..qiang tou hua .shou xiang gui .zhen ri qing ru zui .men ao nao li chou kong jiao wo su yu shui .chou wen de shi zi yan guan guan .juan ting de shi huang ying li li ..mai hua sheng sha .chou shan men hai bu xu dang di .hao jiao wo wu yi ge bai dao hua .nai xin er duo pei xia xie qi huang lei .hu shi bi jiang xiu lian di fang .ba zhong men shen bi .pa ying hua xiao ren qiao cui .you yu nan cheng jing .wu ping yi zhi gou .gu yi yao nv se .dang bi cai ji zhou .tai ye qiu bo you yan lai .dan ying ke kan ming yue zhao .hong yan wu nai luo hua cui .wu yun yao zhi hai zhong yang .jin ding zeng chuan zhou hou fang .san dao lu qi kong you yue .yu hua han .bing hu dong .yun jian yu mian .shui mian cang long .jiu yi zun .qin san nong .huan qi ling bo xian ren meng .yi lan gan man mian tian feng .lou tai yuan jin .gan kun biao li .jiang han xi dong ..tai hu chun bo bi qiong wen .bo li ..li qing ji ji .tan ying you you .gu du tou .chang qiao you .yi pian qing .feng chui zhou .xi tao hua zuo ye xin chou .fu chen jin lin .gao di zi yan .yuan jin bai ou ..long miao gan quan yang ping shi .fen tao lang .yuan tong hu pao .wei sheng feng tang .ke zhu cha .kan gong niang .di si qiao bian bing lun shang .jin yi hong bi yu liu xiang .xiang xiao jiu rong .fang yu chi ya .leng shen shi chang ..dong ting bai yun bian yin qing .cheng luan feng .xi shan mu se .dong yue qi feng .ke zi yi .nan chi song .shu juan wu xin wei shi yong .qing feng lei ji hui cong long .xiang wang meng li .gao seng wu nei .yan jing tu zhong ..qian cun yuan fan yuan cun xi .xi yang wai .dao xuan yi pian .pu bu fei lai .wan li cheng .san zhou jie .zou yu liu xing ying feng kuai .ba hu guang shan se fen kai .fei jing yong lv .qiang wu dian mo .jiang niao yu bai ..xue tan wan diao shui hen shou .ping sha dong .qian shan luo ri .yi xian xi feng .ruo mao pian .bing suo zhong .dai yu dang nian fei xiong meng .gu xi bian lao liao yu weng .de yu guan liu .hu tong huan jiu .zui yi gu peng ..hua yan wan zhong dou biao di .chao yin ying .pu ti yu chu ...jin sheng .die meng jing .long shen ting .ye zuo gao seng hui chan ding .song lang han jiu jiu can jing .qiao lou gu xie .lan zhou lan jie .mao dian ji ming ..xi shan xi zhao wan yun shou .xi yang gua .yi chuan feng ye .liang an lu hua .ou lu qi .niu yang xia .wan qing bo guang tian tu hua .shui jing gong leng jin hong xia .ning yan mu jing .zhuan hui lao shu .bei ying hun ya .

李白饮酒(jiu)一斗，立可赋诗百篇，他去长安街酒肆饮酒，常常醉眠于酒家。天子在湖池游宴，召他为诗作序(xu)，他因酒醉不肯上船，自称是酒中之(zhi)仙。
④低昂：高一低，起(qi)伏不定。彼此不同(tong)心怎能配合啊，我将要远去主动离开他。
⒀典：治理、掌管。水深桥断难前进，大军徘徊半路上。
⑿黄口儿：指幼儿。桂花它那金光(guang)灿烂的色彩和碧玉一般如(ru)刀裁似的层层绿叶，其“风度精神”就像晋代名士王衍和乐广一样风流飘逸，名重于时。
于：向，对。你与沉冤的屈子同命运，应投诗于汨罗江诉说冤屈与不平。
豕（zhì）：猪

　　前四句写栽种、花开。“莲枝未长秦蘅老”（秦蘅也是一种香草），点明是暮春时节，“走马驮金”是说牡丹价格之高，斸就是挖，春草就是牡丹。“水灌香泥却月盆”是说牡丹的种植环境是“香泥”和“却月（半月形）盆”；“一夜绿房迎白晓。”绿房指花苞，迎白晓指迎着黎明开放。
　　《《雪诗》张孜 古诗》在前二句环境烘托之后，把豪门贵族的糜烂生活，绘出三幅图画：富家椒房图、罗幂红炉图、弦歌宴饮图。前两幅是静状，后一幅是动态，都写得色彩秾丽，生动逼真，而在篇末，“岂知”一转，翻出新意，揭示贫富悬殊、阶级对立的社会现实，扩展、深化了主题思想。
　　从布局谋篇及结构上看，这首诗有明确的线索，一定的顺序。全诗八章。首章叙申伯降生之异，总叙其在周朝的地位和诸侯中的作用。次章叙周王派召伯去谢地相定申伯之宅。三章分述宣王对申伯、召伯及傅御之命。四章写召伯建成谢邑及寝庙。五章为周王期待申伯为天子效命的临别赠言。六章叙宣王在郿地为申伯饯行。七章叙申伯启程时的盛况。末章述申伯荣归封地，不负重望，给各国诸侯们作出了榜样，并点明此诗作意。可以看出，作者是以王命为线索，以申伯受封之事为中心，基本按照事件发展的经过来进行叙写的。但由于要表示宣王对申伯的宠眷倚重，故诗中又每事申言，不厌句义重复，可以说这是《《崧高》佚名 古诗》一诗的显著特征。严粲《诗缉》说：“此诗多申复之词，既曰‘王命召伯，定申伯之宅’，又曰‘申伯之功，召伯是营’。既曰‘南国是式’，又曰‘式是南邦’。既曰‘于邑于谢’，又曰‘因是谢人，以作尔庸’。既曰‘王命召伯，彻申伯土田’，又曰‘王命召伯，彻申伯土疆’。既曰‘谢于诚归’，又曰‘既入于谢’。既曰‘登是南邦，世执其功’，又曰‘南土是保’。既曰‘四牡蹻蹻，钩膺濯濯’，又曰‘路车乘马’。此诗每事申言之，写丁宁郑重之意，自是一体，难以一一穿凿分别也。”“王命召伯，彻申伯土疆”两句，孔颖达疏曰：“此复云‘王命召伯’者，召伯营谢既成，遣使报王，王知城郭既了，又复命以此事。”顾广誉《学诗详说》评曰：“此以辞害意也。只是一时一事，此乃溯原申伯之归谢所由得遄行耳。《集传》谓：‘召伯之营谢也，则已敛其税赋，积其餱粮，使庐市有止宿之委积，故能使申伯无留行也。’盖举其国中之峙粻，而在道固不待言矣。”正因为孔颖达不视王命为“一体”，强加分别，附会穿凿，所以招致顾氏之讥。
　　第三章进一步写主祭者，也就是周王在仪式之后的亲自督耕。和他一起来到田间的，还有他的妻子儿女。他们为辛勤劳作的农人带来了亲手做的饭菜。正在地里察看的田官见了欣喜异常，连忙叫来身边的农人，一起来尝尝饭菜的滋味。周王这时望着眼前丰收在望的景象，脸上也露出了舒心的微笑，不断称赞农人的辛劳勤勉。与前章相比，这章的内容颇有生活气息；周王的馌田，亦为后来历代帝王劝农所效法，被称为德政。
　　《秋水》是《庄子》中的又一长篇，用篇首的两个字作为篇名，中心是讨论人应怎样去认识外物。全篇由两大部分组成。前一部分写北海海神跟河神的谈话，一问一答一气呵成，构成本篇的主体。后一部分分别写了六个寓言故事，每个寓言故事自成一体，各不关联，跟前一部分海神与河神的对话也没有任何结构关系上的联系，对全篇主题的表达帮助也不甚大，似有游离之嫌。
　　诗人寄宿西阁，夜长不寐，起坐眺望。颔联写当时所见。诗人欣赏绝境的物色，为初夜江上的山容水态所吸引，写下了“薄云岩际宿，孤月浪中翻”的名句。这两句仇兆鳌解释说：“云过山头，停岩似宿。月浮水面，浪动若翻。”是概括得很好的。薄薄的云层飘浮在岩腹里，就像栖宿在那儿似的。江上波涛腾涌，一轮孤烛的明月映照水中，好像月儿在不停翻滚。这两句是改何逊“薄云岩际出，初月波中上”（《入西塞示南府同僚》）句而成，诗人从眼前生动景色出发，只换了四个字，就把前人现成诗句和他自己的真实感受结合起来，焕发出夺目的异彩。仇兆鳌把它比作张僧繇画龙，有“点睛欲飞”之妙。何逊的诗写的是金陵附近西塞山前云起月出的向晚景色；杜甫的诗写的是夔州附近瞿塘关上薄云依山、孤月没浪的初夜景致。夔州群山万壑，连绵不绝。飞云在峰壑中缓慢飘流，夜间光线暗淡，就像停留在那里一样。诗人用一个“宿”字，显得极为稳贴。夔州一带江流向以波腾浪涌著称。此诗用“浪中翻”三字表现江上月色，就飞动自然。诗人如果没有实感，是写不出来的。读者从这里可以悟出艺术表现上“青胜于蓝”的道理。
　　这诗的跌宕处全在三、四两句。“可怜”句紧承前句，为题中之义；“犹是”句荡开一笔，另辟新境。“无定河边骨”和“春闺梦里人”，一边是现实，一边是梦境；一边是悲哀凄凉的枯骨，一边是年轻英俊的战士，虚实相对，荣枯迥异，造成强烈的艺术效果。一个“可怜”，一个“犹是”，包含着多么深沉的感慨，凝聚了诗人对战死者及其家人的无限同情。