太史公牛马走司马迁，再拜言。少卿足下：曩者辱赐书，教以慎于接物，推贤进士为务，意气勤勤恳恳。若望仆不相师，而用流俗人之言，仆非敢如此也。仆虽罢驽，亦尝侧闻长者之遗风矣。顾自以为身残处秽，动而见尤，欲益反损，是以独郁悒而无谁语。谚曰：“谁为为之？孰令听之？”盖钟子期死，伯牙终身不复鼓琴。何则？士为知己者用，女为说己者容。若仆大质已亏缺矣，虽材怀随和，行若由夷，终不可以为荣，适足以发笑而自点耳。书辞宜答，会东从上来，又迫贱事，相见日浅，卒卒无须臾之间，得竭指意。今少卿抱不测之罪，涉旬月，迫季冬，仆又薄从上雍，恐卒然不可为讳，是仆终已不得舒愤懑以晓左右，则长逝者魂魄私恨无穷。请略陈固陋。阙然久不报，幸勿为过。仆闻之：修身者，智之符也；爱施者，仁之端也；取予者，义之表也；耻辱者，勇之决也；立名者，行之极也。士有此五者，然后可以托于世，列于君子之林矣。故祸莫憯于欲利，悲莫痛于伤心，行莫丑于辱先，诟莫大于宫刑。刑余之人，无所比数，非一世也，所从来远矣。昔卫灵公与雍渠同载，孔子适陈；商鞅因景监见，赵良寒心；同子参乘，袁丝变色：自古而耻之！夫以中材之人，事有关于宦竖，莫不伤气，而况于慷慨之士乎！如今朝廷虽乏人，奈何令刀锯之余，荐天下之豪俊哉！仆赖先人绪业，得待罪辇毂下，二十余年矣。所以自惟：上之，不能纳忠效信，有奇策材力之誉，自结明主；次之，又不能拾遗补阙，招贤进能，显岩穴之士；外之，不能备行伍，攻城野战，有斩将搴旗之功；下之，不能积日累劳，取尊官厚禄，以为宗族交游光宠。四者无一遂，苟合取容，无所短长之效，可见于此矣。乡者，仆亦尝厕下大夫之列，陪外廷末议。不以此时引维纲，尽思虑，今已亏形为扫除之隶，在阘茸之中，乃欲仰首伸眉，论列是非，不亦轻朝廷、羞当世之士邪？嗟乎！嗟乎！如仆尚何言哉！尚何言哉！且事本末未易明也。仆少负不羁之才，长无乡曲之誉，主上幸以先人之故，使得奉薄伎，出入周卫之中。仆以为戴盆何以望天，故绝宾客之知，忘室家之业，日夜思竭其不肖之材力，务一心营职，以求亲媚于主上。而事乃有大谬不然者！夫仆与李陵俱居门下，素非能相善也。趣舍异路，未尝衔杯酒，接殷勤之余欢。然仆观其为人，自守奇士，事亲孝，与士信，临财廉，取予义，分别有让，恭俭下人，常思奋不顾身，以徇国家之急。其素所蓄积也，仆以为有国士之风。夫人臣出万死不顾一生之计，赴公家之难，斯已奇矣。今举事一不当，而全躯保妻子之臣随而媒孽其短，仆诚私心痛之。且李陵提步卒不满五千，深践戎马之地，足历王庭，垂饵虎口，横挑强胡，仰亿万之师，与单于连战十有余日，所杀过当。虏救死扶伤不给，旃裘之君长咸震怖，乃悉征其左、右贤王，举引弓之民，一国共攻而围之。转斗千里，矢尽道穷，救兵不至，士卒死伤如积。然陵一唿劳军，士无不起，躬自流涕，沬血饮泣，更张空弮，冒白刃，北首争死敌者。陵未没时，使有来报，汉公卿王侯皆奉觞上寿。后数日，陵败书闻，主上为之食不甘味，听朝不怡。大臣忧惧，不知所出。仆窃不自料其卑贱，见主上惨凄怛悼，诚欲效其款款之愚，以为李陵素与士大夫绝甘分少，能得人之死力，虽古之名将，不能过也。身虽陷败，彼观其意，且欲得其当而报于汉。事已无可奈何，其所摧败，功亦足以暴于天下矣。仆怀欲陈之，而未有路，适会召问，即以此指，推言陵之功，欲以广主上之意，塞睚眦之辞。未能尽明，明主不晓，以为仆沮贰师，而为李陵游说，遂下于理。拳拳之忠，终不能自列。因为诬上，卒从吏议。家贫，货赂不足以自赎，交游莫救，左右亲近不为一言。身非木石，独与法吏为伍，深幽囹圄之中，谁可告愬者！此真少卿所亲见，仆行事岂不然乎？李陵既生降，隤其家声，而仆又佴之蚕室，重为天下观笑。悲夫！悲夫！事未易一二为俗人言也。仆之先非有剖符丹书之功，文史星历，近乎卜祝之间，固主上所戏弄，倡优所畜，流俗之所轻也。假令仆伏法受诛，若九牛亡一毛，与蝼蚁何以异？而世又不与能死节者比，特以为智穷罪极，不能自免，卒就死耳。何也？素所自树立使然也。人固有一死，或重于泰山，或轻于鸿毛，用之所趋异也。太上不辱先，其次不辱身，其次不辱理色，其次不辱辞令，其次诎体受辱，其次易服受辱，其次关木索、被箠楚受辱，其次剔毛发、婴金铁受辱，其次毁肌肤、断肢体受辱，最下腐刑极矣！传曰“刑不上大夫。”此言士节不可不勉厉也。勐虎在深山，百兽震恐，及在槛阱之中，摇尾而求食，积威约之渐也。故士有画地为牢，势不可入；削木为吏，议不可对，定计于鲜也。今交手足，受木索，暴肌肤，受榜箠，幽于圜墙之中。当此之时，见狱吏则头抢地，视徒隶则心惕息。何者？积威约之势也。及以至是，言不辱者，所谓强颜耳，曷足贵乎！且西伯，伯也，拘于羑里；李斯，相也，具于五刑；淮阴，王也，受械于陈；彭越、张敖，南面称孤，系狱抵罪；绛侯诛诸吕，权倾五伯，囚于请室；魏其，大将也，衣赭衣，关三木；季布为朱家钳奴；灌夫受辱于居室。此人皆身至王侯将相，声闻邻国，及罪至罔加，不能引决自裁，在尘埃之中。古今一体，安在其不辱也？由此言之，勇怯，势也；强弱，形也。审矣，何足怪乎？夫人不能早自裁绳墨之外，以稍陵迟，至于鞭箠之间，乃欲引节，斯不亦远乎！古人所以重施刑于大夫者，殆为此也。夫人情莫不贪生恶死，念父母，顾妻子，至激于义理者不然，乃有所不得已也。今仆不幸，早失父母，无兄弟之亲，独身孤立，少卿视仆于妻子何如哉？且勇者不必死节，怯夫慕义，何处不勉焉！仆虽怯懦，欲苟活，亦颇识去就之分矣，何至自沉溺缧绁之辱哉！且夫臧获婢妾，犹能引决，况仆之不得已乎？所以隐忍苟活，幽于粪土之中而不辞者，恨私心有所不尽，鄙陋没世，而文采不表于后也。古者富贵而名摩灭，不可胜记，唯倜傥非常之人称焉。盖文王拘而演《周易》；仲尼厄而作《春秋》；屈原放逐，乃赋《离骚》；左丘失明，厥有《国语》；孙子膑脚，《兵法》修列；不韦迁蜀，世传《吕览》；韩非囚秦，《说难》《孤愤》；《诗》三百篇，大底圣贤发愤之所为作也。此人皆意有所郁结，不得通其道，故述往事、思来者。乃如左丘无目，孙子断足，终不可用，退而论书策，以舒其愤，思垂空文以自见。仆窃不逊，近自托于无能之辞，网罗天下放失旧闻，略考其行事，综其终始，稽其成败兴坏之纪，上计轩辕，下至于兹，为十表，本纪十二，书八章，世家三十，列传七十，凡百三十篇。亦欲以究天人之际，通古今之变，成一家之言。草创未就，会遭此祸，惜其不成，是以就极刑而无愠色。仆诚以着此书，藏之名山，传之其人，通邑大都，则仆偿前辱之责，虽万被戮，岂有悔哉！然此可为智者道，难为俗人言也！且负下未易居，下流多谤议。仆以口语遇遭此祸，重为乡党所笑，以污辱先人，亦何面目复上父母之丘墓乎？虽累百世，垢弥甚耳！是以肠一日而九回，居则忽忽若有所亡，出则不知其所往。每念斯耻，汗未尝不发背沾衣也！身直为闺阁之臣，宁得自引深藏于岩穴邪？故且从俗浮沉，与时俯仰，以通其狂惑。今少卿乃教以推贤进士，无乃与仆私心剌谬乎？今虽欲自雕琢，曼辞以自饰，无益，于俗不信，适足取辱耳。要之，死日然后是非乃定。书不能悉意，故略陈固陋。谨再拜。时迈其邦，昊天其子之，实右序有周。薄言震之，莫不震叠。怀柔百神，及河乔岳，允王维后。明昭有周，式序在位。载戢干戈，载橐弓矢。我求懿德，肆于时夏，允王保之。齐公凿新河，万古流不绝。丰功利生人，天地同朽灭。两桥对双阁，芳树有行列。爱此如甘棠，谁云敢攀折。 吴关倚此固，天险自兹设。海水落斗门，湖平见沙汭。我行送季父，弭棹徒流悦。杨花满江来，疑是龙山雪。 惜此林下兴，怆为山阳别。瞻望清路尘，归来空寂灭。夜战桑干北，秦兵半不归。朝来有乡信，犹自寄寒衣。长安白日照春空，绿杨结烟垂袅风。披香殿前花始红，流芳发色绣户中。绣户中，相经过。飞燕皇后轻身舞，紫宫夫人绝世歌。圣君三万六千日，岁岁年年奈乐何。清夜无尘。月色如银。酒斟时、须满十分。浮名浮利，虚苦劳神。叹隙中驹，石中火，梦中身。虽抱文章，开口谁亲。且陶陶、乐尽天真。几时归去，作个闲人。对一张琴，一壶酒，一溪云。上邪！我欲与君相知，长命无绝衰。山无陵，江水为竭，冬雷震震，夏雨雪，天地合，乃敢与君绝。柳条百尺拂银塘，且莫深青只浅黄。未必柳条能蘸水，水中柳影引他长。

tai shi gong niu ma zou si ma qian .zai bai yan .shao qing zu xia .nang zhe ru ci shu .jiao yi shen yu jie wu .tui xian jin shi wei wu .yi qi qin qin ken ken .ruo wang pu bu xiang shi .er yong liu su ren zhi yan .pu fei gan ru ci ye .pu sui ba nu .yi chang ce wen chang zhe zhi yi feng yi .gu zi yi wei shen can chu hui .dong er jian you .yu yi fan sun .shi yi du yu yi er wu shui yu .yan yue ..shui wei wei zhi .shu ling ting zhi ..gai zhong zi qi si .bo ya zhong shen bu fu gu qin .he ze .shi wei zhi ji zhe yong .nv wei shuo ji zhe rong .ruo pu da zhi yi kui que yi .sui cai huai sui he .xing ruo you yi .zhong bu ke yi wei rong .shi zu yi fa xiao er zi dian er .shu ci yi da .hui dong cong shang lai .you po jian shi .xiang jian ri qian .zu zu wu xu yu zhi jian .de jie zhi yi .jin shao qing bao bu ce zhi zui .she xun yue .po ji dong .pu you bao cong shang yong .kong zu ran bu ke wei hui .shi pu zhong yi bu de shu fen men yi xiao zuo you .ze chang shi zhe hun po si hen wu qiong .qing lue chen gu lou .que ran jiu bu bao .xing wu wei guo .pu wen zhi .xiu shen zhe .zhi zhi fu ye .ai shi zhe .ren zhi duan ye .qu yu zhe .yi zhi biao ye .chi ru zhe .yong zhi jue ye .li ming zhe .xing zhi ji ye .shi you ci wu zhe .ran hou ke yi tuo yu shi .lie yu jun zi zhi lin yi .gu huo mo can yu yu li .bei mo tong yu shang xin .xing mo chou yu ru xian .gou mo da yu gong xing .xing yu zhi ren .wu suo bi shu .fei yi shi ye .suo cong lai yuan yi .xi wei ling gong yu yong qu tong zai .kong zi shi chen .shang yang yin jing jian jian .zhao liang han xin .tong zi can cheng .yuan si bian se .zi gu er chi zhi .fu yi zhong cai zhi ren .shi you guan yu huan shu .mo bu shang qi .er kuang yu kang kai zhi shi hu .ru jin chao ting sui fa ren .nai he ling dao ju zhi yu .jian tian xia zhi hao jun zai .pu lai xian ren xu ye .de dai zui nian gu xia .er shi yu nian yi .suo yi zi wei .shang zhi .bu neng na zhong xiao xin .you qi ce cai li zhi yu .zi jie ming zhu .ci zhi .you bu neng shi yi bu que .zhao xian jin neng .xian yan xue zhi shi .wai zhi .bu neng bei xing wu .gong cheng ye zhan .you zhan jiang qian qi zhi gong .xia zhi .bu neng ji ri lei lao .qu zun guan hou lu .yi wei zong zu jiao you guang chong .si zhe wu yi sui .gou he qu rong .wu suo duan chang zhi xiao .ke jian yu ci yi .xiang zhe .pu yi chang ce xia da fu zhi lie .pei wai ting mo yi .bu yi ci shi yin wei gang .jin si lv .jin yi kui xing wei sao chu zhi li .zai ta rong zhi zhong .nai yu yang shou shen mei .lun lie shi fei .bu yi qing chao ting .xiu dang shi zhi shi xie .jie hu .jie hu .ru pu shang he yan zai .shang he yan zai .qie shi ben mo wei yi ming ye .pu shao fu bu ji zhi cai .chang wu xiang qu zhi yu .zhu shang xing yi xian ren zhi gu .shi de feng bao ji .chu ru zhou wei zhi zhong .pu yi wei dai pen he yi wang tian .gu jue bin ke zhi zhi .wang shi jia zhi ye .ri ye si jie qi bu xiao zhi cai li .wu yi xin ying zhi .yi qiu qin mei yu zhu shang .er shi nai you da miu bu ran zhe .fu pu yu li ling ju ju men xia .su fei neng xiang shan ye .qu she yi lu .wei chang xian bei jiu .jie yin qin zhi yu huan .ran pu guan qi wei ren .zi shou qi shi .shi qin xiao .yu shi xin .lin cai lian .qu yu yi .fen bie you rang .gong jian xia ren .chang si fen bu gu shen .yi xun guo jia zhi ji .qi su suo xu ji ye .pu yi wei you guo shi zhi feng .fu ren chen chu wan si bu gu yi sheng zhi ji .fu gong jia zhi nan .si yi qi yi .jin ju shi yi bu dang .er quan qu bao qi zi zhi chen sui er mei nie qi duan .pu cheng si xin tong zhi .qie li ling ti bu zu bu man wu qian .shen jian rong ma zhi di .zu li wang ting .chui er hu kou .heng tiao qiang hu .yang yi wan zhi shi .yu dan yu lian zhan shi you yu ri .suo sha guo dang .lu jiu si fu shang bu gei .zhan qiu zhi jun chang xian zhen bu .nai xi zheng qi zuo .you xian wang .ju yin gong zhi min .yi guo gong gong er wei zhi .zhuan dou qian li .shi jin dao qiong .jiu bing bu zhi .shi zu si shang ru ji .ran ling yi hu lao jun .shi wu bu qi .gong zi liu ti .mei xue yin qi .geng zhang kong juan .mao bai ren .bei shou zheng si di zhe .ling wei mei shi .shi you lai bao .han gong qing wang hou jie feng shang shang shou .hou shu ri .ling bai shu wen .zhu shang wei zhi shi bu gan wei .ting chao bu yi .da chen you ju .bu zhi suo chu .pu qie bu zi liao qi bei jian .jian zhu shang can qi da dao .cheng yu xiao qi kuan kuan zhi yu .yi wei li ling su yu shi da fu jue gan fen shao .neng de ren zhi si li .sui gu zhi ming jiang .bu neng guo ye .shen sui xian bai .bi guan qi yi .qie yu de qi dang er bao yu han .shi yi wu ke nai he .qi suo cui bai .gong yi zu yi bao yu tian xia yi .pu huai yu chen zhi .er wei you lu .shi hui zhao wen .ji yi ci zhi .tui yan ling zhi gong .yu yi guang zhu shang zhi yi .sai ya zi zhi ci .wei neng jin ming .ming zhu bu xiao .yi wei pu ju er shi .er wei li ling you shuo .sui xia yu li .quan quan zhi zhong .zhong bu neng zi lie .yin wei wu shang .zu cong li yi .jia pin .huo lu bu zu yi zi shu .jiao you mo jiu .zuo you qin jin bu wei yi yan .shen fei mu shi .du yu fa li wei wu .shen you ling yu zhi zhong .shui ke gao su zhe .ci zhen shao qing suo qin jian .pu xing shi qi bu ran hu .li ling ji sheng jiang .tui qi jia sheng .er pu you er zhi can shi .zhong wei tian xia guan xiao .bei fu .bei fu .shi wei yi yi er wei su ren yan ye .pu zhi xian fei you po fu dan shu zhi gong .wen shi xing li .jin hu bo zhu zhi jian .gu zhu shang suo xi nong .chang you suo xu .liu su zhi suo qing ye .jia ling pu fu fa shou zhu .ruo jiu niu wang yi mao .yu lou yi he yi yi .er shi you bu yu neng si jie zhe bi .te yi wei zhi qiong zui ji .bu neng zi mian .zu jiu si er .he ye .su suo zi shu li shi ran ye .ren gu you yi si .huo zhong yu tai shan .huo qing yu hong mao .yong zhi suo qu yi ye .tai shang bu ru xian .qi ci bu ru shen .qi ci bu ru li se .qi ci bu ru ci ling .qi ci qu ti shou ru .qi ci yi fu shou ru .qi ci guan mu suo .bei chui chu shou ru .qi ci ti mao fa .ying jin tie shou ru .qi ci hui ji fu .duan zhi ti shou ru .zui xia fu xing ji yi .chuan yue .xing bu shang da fu ..ci yan shi jie bu ke bu mian li ye .meng hu zai shen shan .bai shou zhen kong .ji zai jian jing zhi zhong .yao wei er qiu shi .ji wei yue zhi jian ye .gu shi you hua di wei lao .shi bu ke ru .xiao mu wei li .yi bu ke dui .ding ji yu xian ye .jin jiao shou zu .shou mu suo .bao ji fu .shou bang chui .you yu yuan qiang zhi zhong .dang ci zhi shi .jian yu li ze tou qiang di .shi tu li ze xin ti xi .he zhe .ji wei yue zhi shi ye .ji yi zhi shi .yan bu ru zhe .suo wei qiang yan er .he zu gui hu .qie xi bo .bo ye .ju yu you li .li si .xiang ye .ju yu wu xing .huai yin .wang ye .shou xie yu chen .peng yue .zhang ao .nan mian cheng gu .xi yu di zui .jiang hou zhu zhu lv .quan qing wu bo .qiu yu qing shi .wei qi .da jiang ye .yi zhe yi .guan san mu .ji bu wei zhu jia qian nu .guan fu shou ru yu ju shi .ci ren jie shen zhi wang hou jiang xiang .sheng wen lin guo .ji zui zhi wang jia .bu neng yin jue zi cai .zai chen ai zhi zhong .gu jin yi ti .an zai qi bu ru ye .you ci yan zhi .yong qie .shi ye .qiang ruo .xing ye .shen yi .he zu guai hu .fu ren bu neng zao zi cai sheng mo zhi wai .yi shao ling chi .zhi yu bian chui zhi jian .nai yu yin jie .si bu yi yuan hu .gu ren suo yi zhong shi xing yu da fu zhe .dai wei ci ye .fu ren qing mo bu tan sheng e si .nian fu mu .gu qi zi .zhi ji yu yi li zhe bu ran .nai you suo bu de yi ye .jin pu bu xing .zao shi fu mu .wu xiong di zhi qin .du shen gu li .shao qing shi pu yu qi zi he ru zai .qie yong zhe bu bi si jie .qie fu mu yi .he chu bu mian yan .pu sui qie nuo .yu gou huo .yi po shi qu jiu zhi fen yi .he zhi zi chen ni lei xie zhi ru zai .qie fu zang huo bi qie .you neng yin jue .kuang pu zhi bu de yi hu .suo yi yin ren gou huo .you yu fen tu zhi zhong er bu ci zhe .hen si xin you suo bu jin .bi lou mei shi .er wen cai bu biao yu hou ye .gu zhe fu gui er ming mo mie .bu ke sheng ji .wei ti tang fei chang zhi ren cheng yan .gai wen wang ju er yan .zhou yi ..zhong ni e er zuo .chun qiu ..qu yuan fang zhu .nai fu .li sao ..zuo qiu shi ming .jue you .guo yu ..sun zi bin jiao ..bing fa .xiu lie .bu wei qian shu .shi chuan .lv lan ..han fei qiu qin ..shuo nan ..gu fen ...shi .san bai pian .da di sheng xian fa fen zhi suo wei zuo ye .ci ren jie yi you suo yu jie .bu de tong qi dao .gu shu wang shi .si lai zhe .nai ru zuo qiu wu mu .sun zi duan zu .zhong bu ke yong .tui er lun shu ce .yi shu qi fen .si chui kong wen yi zi jian .pu qie bu xun .jin zi tuo yu wu neng zhi ci .wang luo tian xia fang shi jiu wen .lue kao qi xing shi .zong qi zhong shi .ji qi cheng bai xing huai zhi ji .shang ji xuan yuan .xia zhi yu zi .wei shi biao .ben ji shi er .shu ba zhang .shi jia san shi .lie chuan qi shi .fan bai san shi pian .yi yu yi jiu tian ren zhi ji .tong gu jin zhi bian .cheng yi jia zhi yan .cao chuang wei jiu .hui zao ci huo .xi qi bu cheng .shi yi jiu ji xing er wu yun se .pu cheng yi zhuo ci shu .cang zhi ming shan .chuan zhi qi ren .tong yi da du .ze pu chang qian ru zhi ze .sui wan bei lu .qi you hui zai .ran ci ke wei zhi zhe dao .nan wei su ren yan ye .qie fu xia wei yi ju .xia liu duo bang yi .pu yi kou yu yu zao ci huo .zhong wei xiang dang suo xiao .yi wu ru xian ren .yi he mian mu fu shang fu mu zhi qiu mu hu .sui lei bai shi .gou mi shen er .shi yi chang yi ri er jiu hui .ju ze hu hu ruo you suo wang .chu ze bu zhi qi suo wang .mei nian si chi .han wei chang bu fa bei zhan yi ye .shen zhi wei gui ge zhi chen .ning de zi yin shen cang yu yan xue xie .gu qie cong su fu chen .yu shi fu yang .yi tong qi kuang huo .jin shao qing nai jiao yi tui xian jin shi .wu nai yu pu si xin la miu hu .jin sui yu zi diao zhuo .man ci yi zi shi .wu yi .yu su bu xin .shi zu qu ru er .yao zhi .si ri ran hou shi fei nai ding .shu bu neng xi yi .gu lue chen gu lou .jin zai bai .shi mai qi bang .hao tian qi zi zhi .shi you xu you zhou .bao yan zhen zhi .mo bu zhen die .huai rou bai shen .ji he qiao yue .yun wang wei hou .ming zhao you zhou .shi xu zai wei .zai ji gan ge .zai tuo gong shi .wo qiu yi de .si yu shi xia .yun wang bao zhi .qi gong zao xin he .wan gu liu bu jue .feng gong li sheng ren .tian di tong xiu mie .liang qiao dui shuang ge .fang shu you xing lie .ai ci ru gan tang .shui yun gan pan zhe . wu guan yi ci gu .tian xian zi zi she .hai shui luo dou men .hu ping jian sha rui .wo xing song ji fu .mi zhao tu liu yue .yang hua man jiang lai .yi shi long shan xue . xi ci lin xia xing .chuang wei shan yang bie .zhan wang qing lu chen .gui lai kong ji mie .ye zhan sang gan bei .qin bing ban bu gui .chao lai you xiang xin .you zi ji han yi .chang an bai ri zhao chun kong .lv yang jie yan chui niao feng .pi xiang dian qian hua shi hong .liu fang fa se xiu hu zhong .xiu hu zhong .xiang jing guo .fei yan huang hou qing shen wu .zi gong fu ren jue shi ge .sheng jun san wan liu qian ri .sui sui nian nian nai le he .qing ye wu chen .yue se ru yin .jiu zhen shi .xu man shi fen .fu ming fu li .xu ku lao shen .tan xi zhong ju .shi zhong huo .meng zhong shen .sui bao wen zhang .kai kou shui qin .qie tao tao .le jin tian zhen .ji shi gui qu .zuo ge xian ren .dui yi zhang qin .yi hu jiu .yi xi yun .shang xie .wo yu yu jun xiang zhi .chang ming wu jue shuai .shan wu ling .jiang shui wei jie .dong lei zhen zhen .xia yu xue .tian di he .nai gan yu jun jue .liu tiao bai chi fu yin tang .qie mo shen qing zhi qian huang .wei bi liu tiao neng zhan shui .shui zhong liu ying yin ta chang .

斜阳(yang)余辉洒落高大树木，秋山上的落日好似火烧。
⑶《太平御览》：《关令内传》曰：真人尹喜(xi)，周大夫也，为关令。少好学，善天文秘纬。登楼四望，见(jian)东极有紫气四迈，喜曰：“应有异(yi)人过此。”乃斋戒扫道(dao)以俟(si)之。及老子度关，喜先戒关吏曰：“若有翁乘青牛薄板车者，勿听过，止以白(bai)之。”果至，吏曰：“愿少止。”喜带印绶，设师事之道，老子重辞之。喜曰：“愿为我著书，说大道之意，得奉而行焉(yan)。”于是著《道德经》上下二卷。丢官职只(zhi)因你才过孙楚，汨罗江把船系凭吊屈平。
（23）宫娥：宫中嫔妃、侍女。桂花从天而降，好像是月上掉下来似的。拾起殿前的桂花，只见其颜色洁白、新鲜。
（20）彼恶知之：他们怎么知道呢？恶（wū）：怎，如何。但春日里皇宫内园中这些美好的景色，都在历代帝王之家被消磨了，世人无法欣赏，实在可惜。
⑴鹿门山：在今湖北省襄阳市东南。《清一统志·湖北·襄阳府》：“鹿门山，在襄阳县东南三十里。《襄阳记》：‘鹿门山，旧名苏岭山，建武中，襄阳侯习郁立神祠于山，刻二石鹿夹神道口，俗因谓之鹿门庙，遂以庙名山也。’”登：《全唐诗》校：“一作题。”又云：“题下一有怀古二字。”高大的堂屋宽敞亮爽，坐着、躺着，都可望到南山。
142、吕尚：姜子牙。登临岘山顶，寻找游览古迹，凌空看襄阳。
⑿四纪：四十八年。岁星十二年一周天为一纪，玄宗在位四十五年，约为四纪。

　　“新归”三句，转而代翁五峰在京爱人立言。此言翁五峰自鹤江还京后，猜想他的爱人一定为因为两人重逢而向他诉说别后的离愁之苦。说她经常是紧锁双眉，冷面似秋霜，始终无法泯灭其对翁的相思苦。“天上”两句，系倒装句。此言伊人在绣楼上见到月光斜入，就联想到：天上月宫嫦娥与她孤身独处绣楼，非常相似。这两句也是爱人向翁倾诉离愁之苦的具体内容。“湘浪”三句，又是代伊人立言，劝告五峰。此是词人想象中五峰已回到京城家中，他的爱人又对翁说：你在湖南（湘浪）千万不要去拈花惹草，迷恋野蜂浪蝶，因为这些只不过是像与江鸥订立的盟约，她们都是转瞬而过，不再回头，很快就会撕毁盟誓的。结句含有要求五峰不负爱人旧盟情誓的意思在。
　　诗的前八句纯以议论出之，点明此番出游的缘由。诗人借对前事的评述逐渐抽绎出自己的思绪来。头四句以齐景公和周穆王作为一反一正的比照：春秋时的齐景公，曾登牛山而流涕，哀人生之短促，而其用以补偿的却是加倍地贪恋宫室狗马之乐；周穆王为追求赏心乐事，则乘八骏西游，在昆仑瑶池与西王母尽相见之欢。前者沉溺于世俗的物质享受之中，未免辜负了那一瞬间对人生的感悟，所以说“牛山空洒涕”；后者在远游中实现了生命的延长，那才是精神上真正的欢乐，所以说“瑶池实欢悰”。这一“空”一“实”的用语，已逗漏出作者的主意所在。次四句归到自己身上，作进一步申说。“年迫”两句说岁月流逝，愿望成空，惟有在与自然亲切晤对的远游中，才能使心胸豁然畅通。“大宝”两句说：即使贵为国君也不能摆脱“年迫”之苦，更何况像我这样被迁谪至海隅的失意者呢！言下则企羡远游之情已昭然可见。诗的前八句，用笔至为工稳细密：写齐景公事以“遄台”和“牛山”并举，因两者均在今山东淄博一带，位置相邻；写周穆王事以“紫宫”和“瑶池”并举，因两者原意指天帝和神仙的居所，字面相近。后四句虽已转入夫子自道，而在字面上，“年迫”犹承齐景公牛山之泣一事，“游远”犹承周穆王西游之事，“大宝”义兼二君。意虽转而语犹承，从中可见大谢诗的“法密机圆”（方东树语）之处。
结构分析　　诗的结构，从时间上说，是从眼前翻到回忆，又从回忆回到现实。从感情上说，首先写哀，触类伤情，无事不哀；哀极而乐，回忆唐玄宗、杨贵妃极度逸乐的腐朽生活；又乐极生悲，把亡国的哀恸推向高潮。这不仅写出“乐”与“哀”的因果关系，也造成了强烈的对比效果，以乐衬哀，今昔对照，更好地突出诗人难以抑止的哀愁，造成结构上的波折跌宕，纡曲有致。文笔则发敛抑扬，极开阖变化之妙，“其词气如百金战马，注坡蓦涧，如履平地，得诗人之遗法”（见魏庆之《诗人玉屑》卷十四）。
　　清人潘德舆说：“长篇波澜贵层叠，尤贵陡变；贵陡变，尤贵自在。”（《养一斋诗话》卷二）这首长篇歌行体诗可说是一个典范。它随着诗人感情的自然奔泻，诗境不停地转换，一似夭矫的游龙飞腾云雾之中，不可捉摸。从抑郁忧思变而为纵酒狂放，从纵酒狂放又转而为充满信心的期望。波澜起伏，陡转奇兀，愈激愈高，好像登泰山，通过十八盘，跃出南天门，踏上最高峰头，高唱入云。
　　这里所采用的描写技法，使前三章既有恢宏廓大的郊牧誓师、野外行军之壮观，又有细致入微的人物心理活动，做到了整体与细节、客观与主观的巧妙组合。