天上嫦娥元不老，人间紫府长春。朱颜鹤发更清新。观音常自在，水月净无尘。秋露落松子，春深裛嫩黄。虽蒙匠者顾，樵采日难防。月日，居易白。微之足下：自足下谪江陵至于今，凡枉赠答诗仅百篇。每诗来，或辱序，或辱书，冠于卷首，皆所以陈古今歌诗之义，且自叙为文因缘，与年月之远近也。仆既受足下诗，又谕足下此意，常欲承答来旨，粗论歌诗大端，并自述为文之意，总为一书，致足下前。累岁已来，牵故少暇，间有容隙，或欲为之；又自思所陈，亦无出足下之见；临纸复罢者数四，卒不能成就其志，以至于今。今俟罪浔阳，除盥栉食寝外无余事，因览足下去通州日所留新旧文二十六轴，开卷得意，忽如会面，心所畜者，便欲快言，往往自疑，不知相去万里也。既而愤悱之气，思有所浊，遂追就前志，勉为此书，足下幸试为仆留意一省。夫文，尚矣，三才各有文。天之文三光首之；地之文五材首之；人之文《六经》首之。就《六经》言，《诗》又首之。何者？圣人感人心而天下和平。感人心者，莫先乎情，莫始乎言，莫切乎声，莫深乎义。诗者，根情，苗言，华声，实义。上自圣贤，下至愚騃，微及豚鱼，幽及鬼神。群分而气同，形异而情一。未有声入而不应、情交而不感者。圣人知其然，因其言，经之以六义；缘其声，纬之以五音。音有韵，义有类。韵协则言顺，言顺则声易入；类举则情见，情见则感易交。于是乎孕大含深，贯微洞密，上下通而一气泰，忧乐合而百志熙。五帝三皇所以直道而行、垂拱而理者，揭此以为大柄，决此以为大窦也。故闻“元首明，股肱良”之歌，则知虞道昌矣。闻五子洛汭之歌，则知夏政荒矣。言者无罪，闻者足诫，言者闻者莫不两尽其心焉。洎周衰秦兴，采诗官废，上不以诗补察时政，下不以歌泄导人情。用至于谄成之风动，救失之道缺。于时六义始剚矣。《国风》变为《骚辞》，五言始于苏、李。《诗》、《骚》皆不遇者，各系其志，发而为文。故河梁之句，止于伤别；泽畔之吟，归于怨思。彷徨抑郁，不暇及他耳。然去《诗》未远，梗概尚存。故兴离别则引双凫一雁为喻，讽君子小人则引香草恶鸟为比。虽义类不具，犹得风人之什二三焉。于时六义始缺矣。晋、宋已还，得者盖寡。以康乐之奥博，多溺于山水；以渊明之高古，偏放于田园。江、鲍之流，又狭于此。如梁鸿《五噫》之例者，百无一二。于时六义浸微矣！陵夷至于梁、陈间，率不过嘲风雪、弄花草而已。噫！风雪花草之物，三百篇中岂舍之乎？顾所用何如耳。设如“北风其凉”，假风以刺威虐；“雨雪霏霏”，因雪以愍征役；“棠棣之华”，感华以讽兄弟；“采采芣苡”，美草以乐有子也。皆兴发于此而义归于彼。反是者，可乎哉！然则“余霞散成绮，澄江净如练”，“归花先委露，别叶乍辞风”之什，丽则丽矣，吾不知其所讽焉。故仆所谓嘲风雪、弄花草而已。于时六义尽去矣。唐兴二百年，其间诗人不可胜数。所可举者，陈子昂有《感遇诗》二十首，鲍防《感兴诗》十五篇。又诗之豪者，世称李、杜。李之作，才矣！奇矣！人不迨矣！索其风雅比兴，十无一焉。杜诗最多，可传者千余首。至于贯穿古今，覙缕格律，尽工尽善，又过于李焉。然撮其《新安》、《石壕》、《潼关吏》、《芦子关》、《花门》之章，“朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨”之句，亦不过十三四。杜尚如此，况不迨杜者乎？仆常痛诗道崩坏，忽忽愤发，或废食辍寝，不量才力，欲扶起之。嗟乎！事有大谬者，又不可一二而言，然亦不能不粗陈于左右。仆始生六七月时，乳母抱弄于书屏下，有指“之”字、“无”字示仆者，仆口未能言，心已默识。后有问此二字者，虽百十其试，而指之不差。则知仆宿习之缘，已在文字中矣。及五六岁，便学为诗。九岁谙识声韵。十五六，始知有进士，苦节读书。二十已来，昼课赋，夜课书，间又课诗，不遑寝息矣。以至于口舌成疮，手肘成胝。既壮而肤革不丰盈，未老而齿发早衰白；瞀瞀然如飞蝇垂珠在眸子中者，动以万数，盖以苦学力文之所致，又自悲。家贫多故，二十七方从乡赋。既第之后，虽专于科试，亦不废诗。及授校书郎时，已盈三四百首。或出示交友如足下辈，见皆谓之工，其实未窥作者之域耳。自登朝来，年齿渐长，阅事渐多。每与人言，多询时务；每读书史，多求理道。始知文章合为时而着，歌诗合为事而作。是时皇帝初即位，宰府有正人，屡降玺书，访人急病。仆当此日，擢在翰林，身是谏官，月请谏纸。启奏之间，有可以救济人病，裨补时阙，而难于指言者，辄咏歌之，欲稍稍进闻于上。上以广宸听，副忧勤；次以酬恩奖，塞言责；下以复吾平生之志。岂图志未就而悔已生，言未闻而谤已成矣！又请为左右终言之。凡闻仆《贺雨诗》，众口籍籍，以为非宜矣；闻仆《哭孔戡诗》，众面脉脉，尽不悦矣；闻《秦中吟》，则权豪贵近者，相目而变色矣；闻《登乐游园》寄足下诗，则执政柄者扼腕矣；闻《宿紫阁村》诗，则握军要者切齿矣！大率如此，不可遍举。不相与者，号为沽誉，号为诋讦，号为讪谤。苟相与者，则如牛僧孺之诫焉。乃至骨肉妻孥，皆以我为非也。其不我非者，举世不过三两人。有邓鲂者，见仆诗而喜，无何鲂死。有唐衢者，见仆诗而泣，未几而衢死。其余即足下。足下又十年来困踬若此。呜唿！岂六义四始之风，天将破坏，不可支持耶？抑又不知天意不欲使下人病苦闻于上耶？不然，何有志于诗者，不利若此之甚也！然仆又自思关东一男子耳，除读书属文外，其他懵然无知，乃至书画棋博，可以接群居之欢者，一无通晓，即其愚拙可知矣！初应进士时，中朝无缌麻之亲，达官无半面之旧；策蹇步于利足之途，张空拳于战文之场。十年之间，三登科第，名落众耳，迹升清贯，出交贤俊，入侍冕旒。始得名于文章，终得罪于文章，亦其宜也。日者闻亲友间说，礼、吏部举选人，多以仆私试赋判为准的。其余诗句，亦往往在人口中。仆恧然自愧，不之信也。及再来长安，又闻有军使高霞寓者，欲聘倡妓，妓大夸曰：“我诵得白学士《长恨歌》，岂同他哉？”由是增价。又足下书云：到通州日，见江馆柱间有题仆诗者。何人哉？又昨过汉南日，适遇主人集众娱乐，他宾诸妓见仆来，指而相顾曰：此是《秦中吟》、《长恨歌》主耳。自长安抵江西三四千里，凡乡校、佛寺、逆旅、行舟之中，往往有题仆诗者；士庶、僧徒、孀妇、处女之口，每有咏仆诗者。此诚雕篆之戏，不足为多，然今时俗所重，正在此耳。虽前贤如渊、云者，前辈如李、杜者，亦未能忘情于其间。古人云：“名者公器，不可多取。”仆是何者，窃时之名已多。既窃时名，又欲窃时之富贵，使己为造物者，肯兼与之乎？今之屯穷，理固然也。况诗人多蹇，如陈子昂、杜甫，各授一拾遗，而屯剥至死。孟浩然辈不及一命，穷悴终身。近日孟郊六十，终试协律；张籍五十，未离一太祝。彼何人哉！况仆之才又不迨彼。今虽谪佐远郡，而官品至第五，月俸四五万，寒有衣，饥有食，给身之外，施及家人。亦可谓不负白氏子矣。微之，微之！勿念我哉！仆数月来，检讨囊帙中，得新旧诗，各以类分，分为卷目。自拾遗来，凡所遇所感，关于美刺兴比者；又自武德至元和，因事立题，题为“新乐府”者，共一百五十首，谓之讽谕诗。又或退公独处，或移动病闲居，知足保和，吟玩性情者一百首，谓之”闲适诗“。又有事物牵于外，情理动于内，随感遇而形于叹咏者一百首，谓之”感伤诗“。又有五言、七言、长句、绝句，自一百韵至两百韵者四百余首，谓之”杂律诗“。凡为十五卷，约八百首。异时相见，当尽致于执事。微之，古人云：“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。”仆虽不肖，常师此语。大丈夫所守者道，所待者时。时之来也，为云龙，为风鹏，勃然突然，陈力以出；时之不来也，为雾豹，为冥鸿，寂兮寥兮，奉身而退。进退出处，何往而不自得哉！故仆志在兼济，行在独善，奉而始终之则为道，言而发明之则为诗。谓之讽谕诗，兼济之志也；谓之闲适诗，独善之义也。故览仆诗者，知仆之道焉。其余杂律诗，或诱于一时一物，发于一笑一吟，率然成章，非平生所尚者，但以亲朋合散之际，取其释恨佐欢，今铨次之间，未能删去。他时有为我编集斯文者，略之可也。微之，夫贵耳贱目，荣古陋今，人之大情也。仆不能远征古旧，如近岁韦苏州歌行，才丽之外，颇近兴讽；其五言诗，又高雅闲淡，自成一家之体，今之秉笔者谁能及之？然当苏州在时，人亦未甚爱重，必待身后，人始贵之。今仆之诗，人所爱者，悉不过杂律诗与《长恨歌》已下耳。时之所重，仆之所轻。至于讽谕者，意激而言质；闲适者，思澹而辞迂。以质合迂，宜人之不爱也。今所爱者，并世而生，独足下耳。然百千年后，安知复无如足下者出，而知爱我诗哉？故自八九年来，与足下小通则以诗相戒，小穷则以诗相勉，索居则以诗相慰，同处则以诗相娱。知吾罪吾，率以诗也。如今年春游城南时，与足下马上相戏，因各诵新艳小律，不杂他篇，自皇子陂归昭国里，迭吟递唱，不绝声者二十里余。攀、李在傍，无所措口。知我者以为诗仙，不知我者以为诗魔。何则？劳心灵，役声气，连朝接夕，不自知其苦，非魔而何？偶同人当美景，或花时宴罢，或月夜酒酣，一咏一吟，不觉老之将至。虽骖鸾鹤、游蓬瀛者之适，无以加于此焉，又非仙而何？微之，微之！此吾所以与足下外形骸、脱踪迹、傲轩鼎、轻人寰者，又以此也。当此之时，足下兴有余力，且欲与仆悉索还往中诗，取其尤长者，如张十八古乐府，李二十新歌行，卢、杨二秘书律诗，窦七、元八绝句，博搜精掇，编而次之，号为《元白往还集》。众君子得拟议于此者，莫不踊跃欣喜，以为盛事。嗟乎！言未终而足下左转，不数月而仆又继行，心期索然，何日成就？又可为之太息矣！仆常语足下，凡人为文，私于自是，不忍于割截，或失于繁多。其间妍媸，益又自惑。必待交友有公鉴无姑息者，讨论而削夺之，然后繁简当否，得其中矣。况仆与足下，为文尤患其多。己尚病，况他人乎？今且各纂诗笔，粗为卷第，待与足下相见日，各出所有，终前志焉。又不知相遇是何年，相见是何地，溘然而至，则如之何？微之知我心哉！浔阳腊月，江风苦寒，岁暮鲜欢，夜长少睡。引笔铺纸，悄然灯前，有念则书，言无铨次。勿以繁杂为倦，且以代一夕之话言也。居易自叙如此，文士以为信然。银甲挑灯玉荷小，黄篆冷香沉绣阁。清耿耿夜迢迢，寒透朱箔，倚枕和衣倒。纱窗外雨潇潇，我则见叶落闲庭风自扫。【喜迁莺】听风声雨哨，小帘栊分外寂寥，难熬。更深夜迢，则听的檐马玎不住敲。几般儿厮斗炒，一会家肠荒腹热，一会家心痒难揉。【出队子】想才郎容貌，另一样丰韵标。他生的恬恬净净不轻乔，更那堪老老成成不做作，洒洒潇潇，比别人不溷浊。【幺篇】论聪明俊俏，作诗赋用尽巧。编捏成裁冰剪雪字低高，言谈处巽玉喷珠舌上挑，咽作处换气偷声礻肯巧。【刮地风犯】则为你骨净容恬，引的人魂离壳。两情浓似漆如胶，行坐处似美玉连环套，几时曾离了分毫。每日家梦断魂劳，他与我绿窗欢笑，他与我镜台同照。我惊鬓，他画眉，并肩紧靠。似青筠间碧桃，一对儿凤友鸾交。【西门子】步花阴几度临池招，他和俺似鸳鸯比并娇。撒地百般人行要，半撒嗔半撒嚣。他生的动静儿别，才貌儿标，论宫商井井皆有条。他生的动静儿别，才貌儿标，善将那琵琶按六幺。【古水仙子】我、我、我，自忖度，是、是、是，曾记得欢娱那一宵。俺娘铁石心肠，更狠如虎豹，将、将、将，好姻缘成架阁。他、他、他，一密里铲快钢锹，焰腾腾烈火烧袄庙，翻滚滚水淹桃源道，呀、呀、呀！生拆散凤鸾交。斜月半胧明，拣雨晴时泪未晴。倦倚香篝温别语，愁听，鹦鹉催人说四更。此恨拼今生，红豆无根种不成。数遍屏山多少路，青青，一片烟芜是去程。识尽人间甘苦。不如归去。先来孤馆客愁多，更倾下、连宵雨。思量偏。前度高阳酒伴。离踪悲事何限。双峰塔露书空颖，情共暮鸦盘转。归兴懒。悄不似、留眠水国莲香畔。灯帘晕满。正蠹帙逢迎，沈煤半冷，风雨闭宵馆。南邻公子夜归声，数炬银灯隔竹明。集曲名题秋怨双雁儿声悲，景潇潇楚江秋意，胜阳关刮地风吹。满庭芳，梧桐树，全蕉叶坠。庆东原金菊香滴滴金堆，那更醉西湖干荷叶失翠。【醉春风】我一半儿情感玉花秋，一半儿忆王孙归塞北。我这应天长久不断怨别离，对秋风怨忆，忆。折倒的风流体沤赢，红衫儿宽褪，翠裙腰难系。【迎仙客】都不念娘娇望远行，忘了初相见在武陵溪。骂玉郎有上梢没末尾，瘦削了柳丝玉芙蓉花面皮。这翠眉儿挛刺，捱这等相思会。【红绣鞋】上小楼凭阑人立，青山口日上平西。子听得乔木檀鹊踏枝叫声疾，莫不倘秀才馀音至？夜行船阮郎归，原来是牧羊关乌夜啼。【石榴花】常记得赏花时节看花回，上京马醉扶扫，归来窗半月儿低，真个醉矣。柳青娘虞美人扶只，困腾腾上马娇无力，步步娇弄影儿行迟。似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zhou zai shi .ren yi wei shen ai zhong .bi dai shen hou .ren shi gui zhi .jin pu zhi shi .ren suo ai zhe .xi bu guo za lv shi yu .chang hen ge .yi xia er .shi zhi suo zhong .pu zhi suo qing .zhi yu feng yu zhe .yi ji er yan zhi .xian shi zhe .si dan er ci you .yi zhi he you .yi ren zhi bu ai ye .jin suo ai zhe .bing shi er sheng .du zu xia er .ran bai qian nian hou .an zhi fu wu ru zu xia zhe chu .er zhi ai wo shi zai .gu zi ba jiu nian lai .yu zu xia xiao tong ze yi shi xiang jie .xiao qiong ze yi shi xiang mian .suo ju ze yi shi xiang wei .tong chu ze yi shi xiang yu .zhi wu zui wu .lv yi shi ye .ru jin nian chun you cheng nan shi .yu zu xia ma shang xiang xi .yin ge song xin yan xiao lv .bu za ta pian .zi huang zi bei gui zhao guo li .die yin di chang .bu jue sheng zhe er shi li yu .pan .li zai bang .wu suo cuo kou .zhi wo zhe yi wei shi xian .bu zhi wo zhe yi wei shi mo .he ze .lao xin ling .yi sheng qi .lian chao jie xi .bu zi zhi qi ku .fei mo er he .ou tong ren dang mei jing .huo hua shi yan ba .huo yue ye jiu han .yi yong yi yin .bu jue lao zhi jiang zhi .sui can luan he .you peng ying zhe zhi shi .wu yi jia yu ci yan .you fei xian er he .wei zhi .wei zhi .ci wu suo yi yu zu xia wai xing hai .tuo zong ji .ao xuan ding .qing ren huan zhe .you yi ci ye .dang ci zhi shi .zu xia xing you yu li .qie yu yu pu xi suo huan wang zhong shi .qu qi you chang zhe .ru zhang shi ba gu le fu .li er shi xin ge xing .lu .yang er mi shu lv shi .dou qi .yuan ba jue ju .bo sou jing duo .bian er ci zhi .hao wei .yuan bai wang huan ji ..zhong jun zi de ni yi yu ci zhe .mo bu yong yue xin xi .yi wei sheng shi .jie hu .yan wei zhong er zu xia zuo zhuan .bu shu yue er pu you ji xing .xin qi suo ran .he ri cheng jiu .you ke wei zhi tai xi yi .pu chang yu zu xia .fan ren wei wen .si yu zi shi .bu ren yu ge jie .huo shi yu fan duo .qi jian yan chi .yi you zi huo .bi dai jiao you you gong jian wu gu xi zhe .tao lun er xiao duo zhi .ran hou fan jian dang fou .de qi zhong yi .kuang pu yu zu xia .wei wen you huan qi duo .ji shang bing .kuang ta ren hu .jin qie ge zuan shi bi .cu wei juan di .dai yu zu xia xiang jian ri .ge chu suo you .zhong qian zhi yan .you bu zhi xiang yu shi he nian .xiang jian shi he di .ke ran er zhi .ze ru zhi he .wei zhi zhi wo xin zai .xun yang la yue .jiang feng ku han .sui mu xian huan .ye chang shao shui .yin bi pu zhi .qiao ran deng qian .you nian ze shu .yan wu quan ci .wu yi fan za wei juan .qie yi dai yi xi zhi hua yan ye .ju yi zi xu ru ci .wen shi yi wei xin ran .yin jia tiao deng yu he xiao .huang zhuan leng xiang chen xiu ge .qing geng geng ye tiao tiao .han tou zhu bo .yi zhen he yi dao .sha chuang wai yu xiao xiao .wo ze jian ye luo xian ting feng zi sao ..xi qian ying .ting feng sheng yu shao .xiao lian long fen wai ji liao .nan ao .geng shen ye tiao .ze ting de yan ma ding .bu zhu qiao .ji ban er si dou chao .yi hui jia chang huang fu re .yi hui jia xin yang nan rou ..chu dui zi .xiang cai lang rong mao .ling yi yang feng yun biao .ta sheng de tian tian jing jing bu qing qiao .geng na kan lao lao cheng cheng bu zuo zuo .sa sa xiao xiao .bi bie ren bu hun zhuo ..yao pian .lun cong ming jun qiao .zuo shi fu yong jin qiao .bian nie cheng cai bing jian xue zi di gao .yan tan chu .xun yu pen zhu she shang tiao .yan zuo chu huan qi tou sheng shi ken qiao ..gua di feng fan .ze wei ni gu jing rong tian .yin de ren hun li ke .liang qing nong si qi ru jiao .xing zuo chu si mei yu lian huan tao .ji shi zeng li liao fen hao .mei ri jia meng duan hun lao .ta yu wo lv chuang huan xiao .ta yu wo jing tai tong zhao .wo jing bin .ta hua mei .bing jian jin kao .si qing jun jian bi tao .yi dui er feng you luan jiao ..xi men zi .bu hua yin ji du lin chi zhao .ta he an si yuan yang bi bing jiao .sa di .bai ban ren xing yao .ban sa chen ban sa xiao .ta sheng de dong jing er bie .cai mao er biao .lun gong shang jing jing jie you tiao .ta sheng de dong jing er bie .cai mao er biao .shan jiang na pi pa an liu yao ..gu shui xian zi .wo .wo .wo .zi cun du .shi .shi .shi .zeng ji de huan yu na yi xiao .an niang tie shi xin chang .geng hen ru hu bao .jiang .jiang .jiang .hao yin yuan cheng jia ge .ta .ta .ta .yi mi li chan kuai gang qiao .yan teng teng lie huo shao ao miao .fan gun gun shui yan tao yuan dao .ya .ya .ya .sheng chai san feng luan jiao .xie yue ban long ming .jian yu qing shi lei wei qing .juan yi xiang gou wen bie yu .chou ting .ying wu cui ren shuo si geng .ci hen pin jin sheng .hong dou wu gen zhong bu cheng .shu bian ping shan duo shao lu .qing qing .yi pian yan wu shi qu cheng .shi jin ren jian gan ku .bu ru gui qu .xian lai gu guan ke chou duo .geng qing xia .lian xiao yu .si liang pian .qian du gao yang jiu ban .li zong bei shi he xian .shuang feng ta lu shu kong ying .qing gong mu ya pan zhuan .gui xing lan .qiao bu si .liu mian shui guo lian xiang pan .deng lian yun man .zheng du zhi feng ying .shen mei ban leng .feng yu bi xiao guan .nan lin gong zi ye gui sheng .shu ju yin deng ge zhu ming .ji qu ming ti qiu yuan shuang yan er sheng bei .jing xiao xiao chu jiang qiu yi .sheng yang guan gua di feng chui .man ting fang .wu tong shu .quan jiao ye zhui .qing dong yuan jin ju xiang di di jin dui .na geng zui xi hu gan he ye shi cui ..zui chun feng .wo yi ban er qing gan yu hua qiu .yi ban er yi wang sun gui sai bei .wo zhe ying tian chang jiu bu duan yuan bie li .dui qiu feng yuan yi .yi .zhe dao de feng liu ti ou ying .hong shan er kuan tui .cui qun yao nan xi ..ying xian ke .du bu nian niang jiao wang yuan xing .wang liao chu xiang jian zai wu ling xi .ma yu lang you shang shao mei mo wei .shou xiao liao liu si yu fu rong hua mian pi .zhe cui mei er luan ci .ai zhe deng xiang si hui ..hong xiu xie .shang xiao lou ping lan ren li .qing shan kou ri shang ping xi .zi ting de qiao mu tan que ta zhi jiao sheng ji .mo bu tang xiu cai yu yin zhi .ye xing chuan ruan lang gui .yuan lai shi mu yang guan wu ye ti ..shi liu hua .chang ji de shang hua shi jie kan hua hui .shang jing ma zui fu sao .gui lai chuang ban yue er di .zhen ge zui yi .liu qing niang yu mei ren fu zhi .kun teng teng shang ma jiao wu li .bu bu jiao nong ying er xing chi .si feng luan jiao pei da shuang yuan yang dui .ren du dao duan zheng hao fu qi ..dou an chun .bu wu zhe wan nian huan yu .fan zuo liao jing xiang yuan yi .ba yi ge yu yi chan juan .shan zai yao tai yue di .xiang liu xiao yao le shi mi .jin ri dai gu duo bai han .zi luo de chu wen kou chang yu .ku huang tian lei di ..pu tian le .kong xian liao yuan cheng shuang .yuan yang er bei .jiao zheng pa duan hui .bi yu xiao chen mi .si kuai yu zan zhe .yi ding yin ping zhui .tan yin yuan jie jie gao tian ji .zhe yan zheng hou yue sui sha chou de .xiang liang xiang si bing ti .ba hong shao yao wang chi .you sheng yao wu nan yi ..wei .wo mei ye ban chuan chuang yue ying di .hao ye luo ni ke kuai huo san bu gui .kong jiao ren li cang tai hong xiu xie er shi .ke pa bu lian yi bie de zhuan sha ni .ji qu ming ti qing jin zhan er li juan yin xiang lao .pan dao na shang hua shi shen shi zeng huan xiao .bie ren du xi chun lai wei wo xin jiao .chu de na qing dong yuan .li ting yan .an shang huai bao .tan kan na xi you feng die lian hua shao .xiang qi he xin lang bu zhi xiao hao ..zui chun feng .he ri yuan cheng shuang .ji shi neng gou duan zheng hao .zhi chu shi yi wang sun he xiao tao hong .zen xiao de zhe nao .nao .nao .zhi chi de chen zui dong feng .wu ling xi pan .hou ting hua luo ..ying xian ke .ying tao gu dian zhong chun .yang liu ban cui qun yao .hong xiu xie qing yi lian bu xiao .liu mei pin yi ban er jiao .duan de you luo si niang de yao rao .si yi duo hong shao yao ..hong xiu xie .shang ping xi kan kan ri luo .nian nu jiao meng duan hun lao .que ta zhi huang hun li shao bian lin shao .shuang yan er ya ya jiao .mu yang guan wai ye yuan hao .yuan bie li nan shui zhuo ..shi liu hua .lv chuang ren qu men nan sha .ku huang tian he lei sa ba jiao .ren yue yuan zui hao .chou sha wo ye feng you luan jiao .liang xiang si zhen bing nan yi liao .zhi chu tang xiu cai fu lan qiao ..dou ge yao .xiang qi na bo bu duan en qing .yuan he ling xia shao .shang ma jiao lang jun .kan hua hui zui hao .gui sai bei en qing hen wei xiao .dai gu duo zen fang tuo liao .shi liu hua qun er .mian da xu shui zhuo ..pu tian le .mai hua sheng .huan jing jue .ba yi duo xue li mei .sheng niu de fen sui yan jiao .ma yu lang .shang huai bao .ji shi ai de jin ji jiao .ping xian ren hen sha cai qiao .yi zhi hua shou liao .chuan chuang yue di .yu mei ren nan ao ..wei .zui fu gui ru hua tang .qing yi bu bu jiao .ruan lang gui yi qu wu yin hao .kong ta bian tai qian ji sheng cao .dao qing yin de shi bai lu xuan he .xiang yun shui xiang na da er bu dao .yao lan er jian shang xie tiao .shang yun ti .chuan shi deng .meng ran ning tiao .bu jue di lao tian gao .zheng yi zan meng jia luo mao ..zui chun feng .yu lu run ju hua fei .jin feng cui wu ye lao .huang hua hong ye man qiu shan .ci jing chang shi hao .hao .hao .ye shui heng qiao .dan yan shuai cao .wan feng can zhao ..ying xian ke .jian yi zuo xiao dao an .gai de lai yi ge mao .she su chu jia yuan shi chao .an na li shui yan shen .shan shi gao .si bi zhou zao .bu xu xie hong chen dao ..hong xiu xie .qin feng de shi fu zhi jiao .xiang li bian qu da qin lao .zhai teng hua tiao zhu sun cai cha miao .bu yun yi fan hu ye .ming shi dong ruo song gao .zhe de shi xian jia huo ji liao ..man ting fang .nin dao shi wei guan shi hao .guang yin duan song .cui bi liao xie zai xiang chen liao .xi si liang jun qi zao shi chen qi zao .an ye zeng zi xi ping ba .pi si qu dan chi nei chuan xue zhuo pao .zen ru an cao an zhong ya ji huan tao .biao xie zai ling yan ge .bian zuo dao tai shi tai fu tai bao .nan mian zhe yao lao ....shua hai er .an na li xiang feng bu dong song hua lao .bi nin na di nian jing shi jiao hao .mei ri kan shen xian shen nv zhu xian zhuang .an chi de shi xian jiu xian tao .an na li feng hua xue yue ren chang jiu .chun xia qiu dong cao bu diao .guan zhuo xing yao .qing xian luo po .kuai huo xiao yao ..er .an zheng jiang zi fu you .dou ba tian di chuang .lu che feng nian zhi duo shao .san geng yue di luan sheng yuan .wan li feng tou he bei gao .mei ri jia shen xian nao .tun he yue ku .sai man tian qiao ..san .yue hua ming shen di huan yi xiao .ri guang hui shen de huan chao .an zhu de shi chang ming bu ye tong ming ge .yan guan bai ri shen xian jing .shen de shi zhong song huang hun ji bao xiao .shi ba yao qin cao .shou lu niao niao .chen zui tao tao ..wei .zhu lin si ju wu an di xiong .tao yuan dong you an gu jiao .dai jiao ni xun zhen wu ru peng lai dao .ba ni zhuo gu fan tai ti huan liao .

秋高气爽正好极目远望，我为您抱着病登上高台。
75、燕故贵人：过去燕国的贵族。　　回到家我拉过翠被和衣蒙头而睡，待到酒醒，但觉浑身发冷，耳边已响穆清晨报时的钟鼓之声。唉，看来我只能在梦里和心爱的人儿亲近，可悲的是我还(huan)常常在梦里向她诉说美梦情景！
飞星：流星。一(yi)说指牵牛、织女二星。一年春光最好处，不在繁花浓艳，那梅柳初绽的清艳花朵和疏淡芳香最是娇媚温(wen)柔。到了清明时节，繁花盛开一片纷乱，现极盛衰微的征(zheng)兆，已丧失了春光美景的一半。及早地占取那短促的韶光。共同游乐追欢，莫管料峭春寒，醉酒红(hong)颜浑身自然温暖。
⑺高举:高出世俗的行为。在文中与"深思"都是《渔父》佚名 古诗对屈原的批评,有贬意,故译为(在行为上)自命清高。举,举动。城头上的战鼓还在旷野(ye)里震荡回响，将军刀匣里的宝刀上的血迹仍然没干。
⑶熏(xun)（xūn）：吹，用于温暖馥郁的风。劝君千(qian)万莫要去游秋浦，那悲哀的猿声会搅碎你这位他乡游子的客心。逻人石之高踱，上只有飞鸟才能飞过。江祖石上有渔人筑起了捕鱼的小堤坝。
4.诚知：确实知道。唐朝的官兵请求深入，全部是养精蓄锐，要收复敌占的地区，可不必等待。
（24）匪（fēi）：非。且：此。上“且”字谓此时，下“且”字谓此事。

　　全诗紧扣一个“忧”字，忧之深，无以诉，无以泻，无以解，环环相扣。五章一气呵成，娓娓而下，语言凝重而委婉，感情浓烈而深挚。诗人调用多种修辞手法，比喻的运用更是生动形象，“我心匪石，不可转也；我心匪席。不可卷也”，几句最为精彩，经常为后世诗人所引用。
　　第二个小层次描写长安的远景：“皇居帝里崤函谷，鹑野龙山侯甸服。五纬连影集星躔，八水分流横地轴。秦塞重关一百二，汉家离宫三十六。”这六句七言诗，从宏观角度为我们展现了一幅庞大壮丽的立体图景。天地广阔，四面八方，尽收笔底。星光辉映，关山绵亘护卫，沃土抚育，帝京岂能不有！六句诗里连用“五”“八”“一百二”“三十六”等多个数字，非但没有枯燥之感，反而更显典韵奇巧，构成鲜豁之境和独特的景象。此为首句“山河千里国”的细致绘写。
　　诗歌开首就用一个直接表达感情的词“惆怅”，不仅奠定全诗的感情基调，且获总领全篇之效。此词的作用虽然易解，但问题是，谁人“惆怅”，为何“惆怅”。谁在“惆怅”呢？首句说“惆怅江头几树梅”，莫非梅在惆怅？根据颔联，前时虽曾大雪压梅，然梅已在昨夜雪后绽放枝头，当无惆怅之理由。既然不是梅在惆怅，惆怅的就只能是诗人自己。诗人开篇就说自己“惆怅”，可见其“惆怅”之浓之深。诗人作诗，当蓄积的感情于提笔之际浓烈得难以化解时，便无暇慢条斯理的运用所谓的技巧表达之，而常常在诗歌的开头直接予以发泄，若李白之“大道如青天，我独不得出”（《行路难》），“噫吁戏，危乎高哉”（《蜀道难》），即为此类。然则，诗人为何惆怅？是因为江头只有几树梅，为梅之少而惆怅吗？恐亦不是。为何？因为梅虽是中国古代诗人的爱物，但其诗中的梅多以株，甚至以枝论，若“墙角数枝梅”之类，然未见有诗人因此而惆怅者。因此，朱熹之惆怅当非为梅而为其内心本有之情绪。既然诗人非为梅惆怅，为何要以“江头几树梅”紧承其后？因为诗人要借江头的这几树梅来纾解心中之惆怅。
　　与《元和十年自朗州至京戏赠看花诸君子》之“玄都观里桃千树”，“无人不道看花回”，形成强烈的对照。下两句由花事之变迁，关合到自己之升进退，因此连着想到：不仅桃花无存，游人绝迹，就是那一位辛勤种桃的道士也不知所终，可是，上次看花题诗，因而被贬的刘禹锡现在倒又回到长安，并且重游旧地了。这一切，是不能预料的。言下有无穷的感慨。
　　唐人抒写迁谪之苦、离别之恨者的诗作很多，可说各抒其情，各尽其妙。这首诗以迁谪之人送迁谪之人，离情倍添愁怅，故沉郁苍凉，情致深幽。一结有余不尽，可称佳作。
　　“若非壮士全师胜，争得蛾眉匹马还？”
　　此诗为五言古体，全篇十六句可分四段，每段四句。用入声质韵，一韵到底。四段的首句，皆用平声字作结，在音调上有振音激响的作用。虽是一首五言古诗，但在结构层次上是非常严整的。
　　王维此诗颈联侧重于听觉，陈与义的《春雨》里也有相似的句子：“孤莺啼永昼，细雨湿高城”，其实细较之下，也可以觉出很大的不同。王维的两句，晚钟鸣响，用耳朵听，自不必说，雨过春城，当然也是用听，两句都是表现一个感官所攫到的效果。反观陈与义的诗，莺啼是听觉，而雨湿高城，却与王维的雨过高城不同。过，只写雨的一种状态，运动的状态，但是湿，却写出了雨过所产生的效果。这大概也是在《泊船瓜洲》中王安石把春风“又到”，“又过”，最终改为“又绿”的原因。但是王维的这两句不能从原诗中孤立出来，此联的“晚钟”是和首联的“朝已启”相照应的，而“过”字，表达的也许是因春雨已过对友人还不来的一种埋怨之情。