玉骨那愁瘴雾，冰姿自有仙风。海仙时遣探芳丛。倒挂绿毛么凤。(么 同：幺)素面翻嫌粉涴，洗妆不褪唇红。高情已逐晓云空。不与梨花同梦。君问归期未有期，巴山夜雨涨秋池。 何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时。梨花满院飘香雪，高楼夜静风筝咽。斜月照帘帷，忆君和梦稀。小窗灯影背，燕语惊愁态。屏掩断香飞，行云山外归。予自孩幼随先人宦于古沔，女须因嫁焉。中去复来几二十年，岂惟姊弟之爱，沔之父老儿女子亦莫不予爱也。丙午冬，千岩老人约予过苕霅，岁晚乘涛载雪而下，顾念依依，殆不能去。作此曲别郑次臯、辛克清、姚刚中诸君。衰草愁烟，乱鸦送日，风沙回旋平野。拂雪金鞭，欺寒茸帽，还记章台走马。谁念漂零久，漫赢得幽怀难写。故人清沔相逢，小窗闲共情话。长恨离多会少，重访问竹西，珠泪盈把。雁碛波平，渔汀人散，老去不堪游冶。无奈苕溪月，又照我扁舟东下。甚日归来，梅花零乱春夜。七月流火，九月授衣。一之日觱发，二之日栗烈。无衣无褐，何以卒岁。三之日于耜，四之日举趾。同我妇子，馌彼南亩，田畯至喜。七月流火，九月授衣。春日载阳，有鸣仓庚。女执懿筐，遵彼微行，爰求柔桑。春日迟迟，采蘩祁祁。女心伤悲，殆及公子同归。七月流火，八月萑苇。蚕月条桑，取彼斧斨，以伐远扬，猗彼女桑。七月鸣鵙，八月载绩。载玄载黄，我朱孔阳，为公子裳。四月秀葽，五月鸣蜩。八月其获，十月陨箨。一之日于貉，取彼狐狸，为公子裘。二之日其同，载缵武功，言私其豵，献豜于公。五月斯螽动股，六月莎鸡振羽，七月在野，八月在宇，九月在户，十月蟋蟀入我床下。穹窒熏鼠，塞向墐户。嗟我妇子，曰为改岁，入此室处。六月食郁及薁，七月亨葵及菽，八月剥枣，十月获稻，为此春酒，以介眉寿。七月食瓜，八月断壶，九月叔苴，采荼薪樗，食我农夫。九月筑场圃，十月纳禾稼。黍稷重穋，禾麻菽麦。嗟我农夫，我稼既同，上入执宫功。昼尔于茅，宵尔索绹。亟其乘屋，其始播百谷。二之日凿冰冲冲，三之日纳于凌阴。四之日其蚤，献羔祭韭。九月肃霜，十月涤场。朋酒斯飨，曰杀羔羊。跻彼公堂，称彼兕觥，万寿无疆。冰轮斜辗镜天长，江练隐寒光。危阑醉倚人如画，隔烟村、何处鸣榔？乌鹊倦栖，鱼龙惊起，星斗挂垂杨。芦花千顷水微茫，秋色满江乡。楼台恍似游仙梦，又疑是、洛浦潇湘。风露浩然，山河影转，今古照凄凉。正义高祖初定天下，表明有功之臣而侯之，若萧、曹等。 太史公曰：古者人臣功有五品，以德立宗庙、定社稷曰勋，以言曰劳，用力曰功，明其等曰伐，积日曰阅。封爵之誓曰：“使河如带，泰山若厉，国以永宁，爰及苗裔。”始未尝不欲固其根本，而枝叶稍陵夷衰微也。余读高祖侯功臣，察其首封，所以失之者，曰：异哉新闻！《书》曰“协和万国”，迁于夏、商，或数千岁。盖周封八百，幽、厉之后，见于《春秋》。《尚书》有唐虞之侯伯，历三代千有余载，自全以蕃卫天子，岂非笃于仁义、奉上法哉？汉兴，功臣受封者百有余人。天下初定，故大城名都散亡，户口可得而数者十二三，是以大侯不过万家，小者五六百户。后数世，民咸归乡里，户益息，萧、曹、绛、灌之属或至四万，小侯自倍，富厚如之。子孙骄溢，忘其先，淫嬖。至太初，百年之间，见侯五，余皆坐法陨命亡国，丰耗矣。罔亦少密焉，然皆身无兢兢于当世之禁云。居今之世，志古之道，所以自镜也，未必尽同。帝王者各殊礼而异务，要以成功为统纪，岂可绲乎？观所以得尊宠及所以废辱，亦当世得失之林也，何必旧闻？于是谨其终始，表见其文，颇有所不尽本末，着其明，疑者阙之。后有君子，欲推而列之，得以览焉。碧空溶溶月华静，月里愁人吊孤影。花开残菊傍疏篱，叶下衰桐落寒井。塞鸿飞急觉秋尽，邻鸡鸣迟知夜永。凝情不语空所思，风吹白露衣裳冷。黄初三年，余朝京师，还济洛川。古人有言：斯水之神，名曰宓妃。感宋玉对楚王神女之事，遂作斯赋。其词曰：余从京域，言归东藩，背伊阙，越轘辕，经通谷，陵景山。日既西倾，车殆马烦。尔乃税驾乎蘅皋，秣驷乎芝田，容与乎阳林，流眄乎洛川。于是精移神骇，忽焉思散。俯则未察，仰以殊观。睹一丽人，于岩之畔。乃援御者而告之曰：“尔有觌于彼者乎？彼何人斯，若此之艳也！”御者对曰：“臣闻河洛之神，名曰宓妃。然则君王之所见，无乃是乎！其状若何？臣愿闻之。”余告之曰：其形也，翩若惊鸿，婉若游龙。荣曜秋菊，华茂春松。髣髴兮若轻云之蔽月，飘飖兮若流风之回雪。远而望之，皎若太阳升朝霞；迫而察之，灼若芙蕖出渌波。秾纤得中，修短合度。肩若削成，腰如约素。延颈秀项，皓质呈露。芳泽无加，铅华弗御。云髻峨峨，修眉联娟。丹唇外朗，皓齿内鲜。明眸善睐，靥辅承权。瓌姿艳逸，仪静体闲。柔情绰态，媚于语言。奇服旷世，骨像应图。披罗衣之璀粲兮，珥瑶碧之华琚。戴金翠之首饰，缀明珠以耀躯。践远游之文履，曳雾绡之轻裾。微幽兰之芳蔼兮，步踟蹰于山隅。于是忽焉纵体，以遨以嬉。左倚采旄，右荫桂旗。攘皓腕于神浒兮，采湍濑之玄芝。余情悦其淑美兮，心振荡而不怡。无良媒以接欢兮，托微波而通辞。愿诚素之先达，解玉佩而要之。嗟佳人之信修，羌习礼而明诗。抗琼珶以和予兮，指潜川而为期。执眷眷之款实兮，惧斯灵之我欺。感交甫之弃言兮，怅犹豫而狐疑。收和颜而静志兮，申礼防以自持。于是洛灵感焉，徙倚彷徨。神光离合，乍阴乍阳。竦轻躯以鹤立，若将飞而未翔。践椒途之郁烈，步蘅薄而流芳。超长吟以永慕兮，声哀厉而弥长。尔乃众灵杂沓，命俦啸侣。或戏清流，或翔神渚，或采明珠，或拾翠羽。从南湘之二妃，携汉滨之游女。叹匏瓜之无匹兮，咏牵牛之独处。扬轻袿之猗靡兮，翳修袖以延伫。体迅飞凫，飘忽若神。凌波微步，罗袜生尘。动无常则，若危若安；进止难期，若往若还。转眄流精，光润玉颜。含辞未吐，气若幽兰。华容婀娜，令我忘餐。于是屏翳收风，川后静波。冯夷鸣鼓，女娲清歌。腾文鱼以警乘，鸣玉銮以偕逝。六龙俨其齐首，载云车之容裔。鲸鲵踊而夹毂，水禽翔而为卫。于是越北沚，过南冈，纡素领，回清扬。动朱唇以徐言，陈交接之大纲。恨人神之道殊兮，怨盛年之莫当。抗罗袂以掩涕兮，泪流襟之浪浪。悼良会之永绝兮，哀一逝而异乡。无微情以效爱兮，献江南之明珰。虽潜处于太阴，长寄心于君王。忽不悟其所舍，怅神宵而蔽光。于是背下陵高，足往心留。遗情想像，顾望怀愁。冀灵体之复形，御轻舟而上溯。浮长川而忘反，思绵绵而增慕。夜耿耿而不寐，沾繁霜而至曙。命仆夫而就驾，吾将归乎东路。揽騑辔以抗策，怅盘桓而不能去。千形万象竟还空，映水藏山片复重。无限旱苗枯欲尽，悠悠闲处作奇峰。烈日秋霜，忠肝义胆，千载家谱。得姓何年，细参辛字，一笑君听取。艰辛做就，悲辛滋味，总是辛酸辛苦。更十分，向人辛辣，椒桂捣残堪吐。 世间应有，芳甘浓美，不到吾家门户。比着儿曹，累累却有，金印光垂组。付君此事，从今直上，休忆对床风雨。但赢得，靴纹绉面，记余戏语。关山客子路，花柳帝王城。此中一分手，相顾怜无声。间者数年比不登，又有水旱疾疫之灾，朕甚忧之。愚而不明，未达其咎。意者朕之政有所失、而行有过与？乃天道有不顺、地利或不得、人事多失和、鬼神废不享与？何以致此？将百官之奉养或费、无用之事或多与？何其民食之寡乏也？夫度田非益寡，而计民未加益，以口量地，其于古犹有余，而食之甚不足者，其咎安在？无乃百姓之从事于末、以害农者蕃、为酒醪以靡谷者多、六畜之食焉者众与？细大之义，吾未能得其中。其与丞相、列侯、吏二千石、博土议之，有可以佐百姓者，率意远思，无有所隐。

yu gu na chou zhang wu .bing zi zi you xian feng .hai xian shi qian tan fang cong .dao gua lv mao me feng ..me tong .yao .su mian fan xian fen wan .xi zhuang bu tui chun hong .gao qing yi zhu xiao yun kong .bu yu li hua tong meng .jun wen gui qi wei you qi .ba shan ye yu zhang qiu chi . he dang gong jian xi chuang zhu .que hua ba shan ye yu shi .li hua man yuan piao xiang xue .gao lou ye jing feng zheng yan .xie yue zhao lian wei .yi jun he meng xi .xiao chuang deng ying bei .yan yu jing chou tai .ping yan duan xiang fei .xing yun shan wai gui .yu zi hai you sui xian ren huan yu gu mian .nv xu yin jia yan .zhong qu fu lai ji er shi nian .qi wei zi di zhi ai .mian zhi fu lao er nv zi yi mo bu yu ai ye .bing wu dong .qian yan lao ren yue yu guo shao zha .sui wan cheng tao zai xue er xia .gu nian yi yi .dai bu neng qu .zuo ci qu bie zheng ci gao .xin ke qing .yao gang zhong zhu jun .shuai cao chou yan .luan ya song ri .feng sha hui xuan ping ye .fu xue jin bian .qi han rong mao .huan ji 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yi ren ru hua .ge yan cun .he chu ming lang .wu que juan qi .yu long jing qi .xing dou gua chui yang .lu hua qian qing shui wei mang .qiu se man jiang xiang .lou tai huang si you xian meng .you yi shi .luo pu xiao xiang .feng lu hao ran .shan he ying zhuan .jin gu zhao qi liang .zheng yi gao zu chu ding tian xia .biao ming you gong zhi chen er hou zhi .ruo xiao .cao deng . tai shi gong yue .gu zhe ren chen gong you wu pin .yi de li zong miao .ding she ji yue xun .yi yan yue lao .yong li yue gong .ming qi deng yue fa .ji ri yue yue .feng jue zhi shi yue ..shi he ru dai .tai shan ruo li .guo yi yong ning .yuan ji miao yi ..shi wei chang bu yu gu qi gen ben .er zhi ye shao ling yi shuai wei ye .yu du gao zu hou gong chen .cha qi shou feng .suo yi shi zhi zhe .yue .yi zai xin wen ..shu .yue .xie he wan guo ..qian yu xia .shang .huo shu qian sui .gai zhou feng ba bai .you .li zhi hou .jian yu .chun qiu ...shang shu .you tang yu zhi hou bo .li san dai qian you yu zai .zi quan yi fan wei tian zi .qi fei du yu ren yi .feng shang fa zai .han xing .gong chen shou feng zhe bai you yu ren .tian xia chu ding .gu da cheng ming du san wang .hu kou ke de er shu zhe shi er san .shi yi da hou bu guo wan jia .xiao zhe wu liu bai hu .hou shu shi .min xian gui xiang li .hu yi xi .xiao .cao .jiang .guan zhi shu huo zhi si wan .xiao hou zi bei .fu hou ru zhi .zi sun jiao yi .wang qi xian .yin bi .zhi tai chu .bai nian zhi jian .jian hou wu .yu jie zuo fa yun ming wang guo .feng hao yi .wang yi shao mi yan .ran jie shen wu jing jing yu dang shi zhi jin yun .ju jin zhi shi .zhi gu zhi dao .suo yi zi jing ye .wei bi jin tong .di wang zhe ge shu li er yi wu .yao yi cheng gong wei tong ji .qi ke gun hu .guan suo yi de zun chong ji suo yi fei ru .yi dang shi de shi zhi lin ye .he bi jiu wen .yu shi jin qi zhong shi .biao jian qi wen .po you suo bu jin ben mo .zhuo qi ming .yi zhe que zhi .hou you jun zi .yu tui er lie zhi .de yi lan yan .bi kong rong rong yue hua jing .yue li chou ren diao gu ying .hua kai can ju bang shu li .ye xia shuai tong luo han jing .sai hong fei ji jue qiu jin .lin ji ming chi zhi ye yong .ning qing bu yu kong suo si .feng chui bai lu yi shang leng .huang chu san nian .yu chao jing shi .huan ji luo chuan .gu ren you yan .si shui zhi shen .ming yue mi fei .gan song yu dui chu wang shen nv zhi shi .sui zuo si fu .qi ci yue .yu cong jing yu .yan gui dong fan .bei yi que .yue huan yuan .jing tong gu .ling jing shan .ri ji xi qing .che dai ma fan .er nai shui jia hu heng gao .mo si hu zhi tian .rong yu hu yang lin .liu mian hu luo chuan .yu shi jing yi shen hai .hu yan si san .fu ze wei cha .yang yi shu guan .du yi li ren .yu yan zhi pan .nai yuan yu zhe er gao zhi yue ..er you di yu bi zhe hu .bi he ren si .ruo ci zhi yan ye ..yu zhe dui yue ..chen wen he luo zhi shen .ming yue mi fei .ran ze jun wang zhi suo jian .wu nai shi hu .qi zhuang ruo he .chen yuan wen zhi ..yu gao zhi yue .qi xing ye .pian ruo jing hong .wan ruo you long .rong yao qiu ju .hua mao chun song .fang fu xi ruo qing yun zhi bi yue .piao yao xi ruo liu feng zhi hui xue .yuan er wang zhi .jiao ruo tai yang sheng chao xia .po er cha zhi .zhuo ruo fu qu chu lu bo .nong xian de zhong .xiu duan he du .jian ruo xiao cheng .yao ru yue su .yan jing xiu xiang .hao zhi cheng lu .fang ze wu jia .qian hua fu yu .yun ji e e .xiu mei lian juan .dan chun wai lang .hao chi nei xian .ming mou shan lai .ye fu cheng quan .gui zi yan yi .yi jing ti xian .rou qing chuo tai .mei yu yu yan .qi fu kuang shi .gu xiang ying tu .pi luo yi zhi cui can xi .er yao bi zhi hua ju .dai jin cui zhi shou shi .zhui ming zhu yi yao qu .jian yuan you zhi wen lv .ye wu xiao zhi qing ju .wei you lan zhi fang ai xi .bu chi chu yu shan yu .yu shi hu yan zong ti .yi ao yi xi .zuo yi cai mao .you yin gui qi .rang hao wan yu shen hu xi .cai tuan lai zhi xuan zhi .yu qing yue qi shu mei xi .xin zhen dang er bu yi .wu liang mei yi jie huan xi .tuo wei bo er tong ci .yuan cheng su zhi xian da .jie yu pei er yao zhi .jie jia ren zhi xin xiu .qiang xi li er ming shi .kang qiong ti yi he yu xi .zhi qian chuan er wei qi .zhi juan juan zhi kuan shi xi .ju si ling zhi wo qi .gan jiao fu zhi qi yan xi .chang you yu er hu yi .shou he yan er jing zhi xi .shen li fang yi zi chi .yu shi luo ling gan yan .xi yi fang huang .shen guang li he .zha yin zha yang .song qing qu yi he li .ruo jiang fei er wei xiang .jian jiao tu zhi yu lie .bu heng bao er liu fang .chao chang yin yi yong mu xi .sheng ai li er mi chang .er nai zhong ling za da .ming chou xiao lv .huo xi qing liu .huo xiang shen zhu .huo cai ming zhu .huo shi cui yu .cong nan xiang zhi er fei .xie han bin zhi you nv .tan pao gua zhi wu pi xi .yong qian niu zhi du chu .yang qing gui zhi yi mi xi .yi xiu xiu yi yan zhu .ti xun fei fu .piao hu ruo shen .ling bo wei bu .luo wa sheng chen .dong wu chang ze .ruo wei ruo an .jin zhi nan qi .ruo wang ruo huan .zhuan mian liu jing .guang run yu yan .han ci wei tu .qi ruo you lan .hua rong e na .ling wo wang can .yu shi ping yi shou feng .chuan hou jing bo .feng yi ming gu .nv wa qing ge .teng wen yu yi jing cheng .ming yu luan yi xie shi .liu long yan qi qi shou .zai yun che zhi rong yi .jing ni yong er jia gu .shui qin xiang er wei wei .yu shi yue bei zhi .guo nan gang .yu su ling .hui qing yang .dong zhu chun yi xu yan .chen jiao jie zhi da gang .hen ren shen zhi dao shu xi .yuan sheng nian zhi mo dang .kang luo mei yi yan ti xi .lei liu jin zhi lang lang .dao liang hui zhi yong jue xi .ai yi shi er yi xiang .wu wei qing yi xiao ai xi .xian jiang nan zhi ming dang .sui qian chu yu tai yin .chang ji xin yu jun wang .hu bu wu qi suo she .chang shen xiao er bi guang .yu shi bei xia ling gao .zu wang xin liu .yi qing xiang xiang .gu wang huai chou .ji ling ti zhi fu xing .yu qing zhou er shang su .fu chang chuan er wang fan .si mian mian er zeng mu .ye geng geng er bu mei .zhan fan shuang er zhi shu .ming pu fu er jiu jia .wu jiang gui hu dong lu .lan fei pei yi kang ce .chang pan huan er bu neng qu .qian xing wan xiang jing huan kong .ying shui cang shan pian fu zhong .wu xian han miao ku yu jin .you you xian chu zuo qi feng .lie ri qiu shuang .zhong gan yi dan .qian zai jia pu .de xing he nian .xi can xin zi .yi xiao jun ting qu .jian xin zuo jiu .bei xin zi wei .zong shi xin suan xin ku .geng shi fen .xiang ren xin la .jiao gui dao can kan tu . shi jian ying you .fang gan nong mei .bu dao wu jia men hu .bi zhuo er cao .lei lei que you .jin yin guang chui zu .fu jun ci shi .cong jin zhi shang .xiu yi dui chuang feng yu .dan ying de .xue wen zhou mian .ji yu xi yu .guan shan ke zi lu .hua liu di wang cheng .ci zhong yi fen shou .xiang gu lian wu sheng .jian zhe shu nian bi bu deng .you you shui han ji yi zhi zai .zhen shen you zhi .yu er bu ming .wei da qi jiu .yi zhe zhen zhi zheng you suo shi .er xing you guo yu .nai tian dao you bu shun .di li huo bu de .ren shi duo shi he .gui shen fei bu xiang yu .he yi zhi ci .jiang bai guan zhi feng yang huo fei .wu yong zhi shi huo duo yu .he qi min shi zhi gua fa ye .fu du tian fei yi gua .er ji min wei jia yi .yi kou liang di .qi yu gu you you yu .er shi zhi shen bu zu zhe .qi jiu an zai .wu nai bai xing zhi cong shi yu mo .yi hai nong zhe fan .wei jiu lao yi mi gu zhe duo .liu xu zhi shi yan zhe zhong yu .xi da zhi yi .wu wei neng de qi zhong .qi yu cheng xiang .lie hou .li er qian shi .bo tu yi zhi .you ke yi zuo bai xing zhe .lv yi yuan si .wu you suo yin .

黄河之水(shui)从西而来，它决开昆仑，咆哮万里，冲击着龙门。
俱：全，都。官府粮仓里的(de)老鼠，肥大得像量米的斗一样，看见人(ren)来开启粮仓也不逃走。
逆旅之馆：迎宾的客舍，比喻人生如寄。既然决心闯荡天下建功立业，离别家常便饭何须叹息怨尤(you)。
籍湜（shí）：张籍、皇甫湜，均韩愈学生，其古文的成就远不及师，因此说“不能望”。月夜听到的是杜鹃悲惨的啼声(sheng)，令人愁思绵绵呵这(zhe)荒荡的空山！
210、崦嵫（yān zī）：神话中日所入之山。想到这邦小人不讲信义，恐怕出于嫉妒把它摧毁。
⑺天刑(xing)：语出《国语·鲁语》：“纠虔天刑。”清清的江水长又长，到哪里是尽头？夕阳向西落下孤零零的船儿解开了缆索。
[4]西风消息：秋天的信息。

　　诗人用“纷纷”两个字来形容那天的“泼火雨”，真是好极了。怎见得呢？“纷纷”，若是形容下雪，那该是大雪，所谓“纷纷扬扬，降下好一场大雪来”。但是临到雨，情况却正相反，那种叫人感到“纷纷”的，绝不是大雨，而是细雨。这细雨，也正就是春雨的特色。细雨纷纷，是那种“天街小雨润如酥”样的雨，它不同于夏天的如倾如注的暴雨，也和那种淅淅沥沥的秋雨绝不是一个味道。这“雨纷纷”，正抓住了《清明》杜牧 古诗“泼火雨”的精神，传达了那种“做冷欺花，将烟困柳”的凄迷而又美丽的境界。
　　第二段先描述宰臣上朝时的整肃庄严场面，继而以“待漏之际，相君其有思乎”这个设问作为过渡，围绕待漏之时宰相们的所思所虑所追求，将这批人分为贤才、奸才和庸才三个类型，勾画各自的面孔与灵魂。宰相总理全国政治、经济、军事、人事、司法等方方面面的事务，位高权重，能够直接左右皇帝的意志，从而对整个国家造成影响，亦即“一国之政，万人之命，悬于宰相”。而如何保证相权的正当实施呢？作者把它归结为宰相心中的一念之差：“思”为公则贤，“思”为私则奸；贤者“忧心忡忡”于安黎民、抚四夷、息兵革、辟荒田、荐贤才、斥佞臣、禳灾眚、措五刑，奸者“私心慆慆”于复私仇、报旧恩、敛财富、陟同党、斥异己、巧言谄容取悦君王；贤者居高官食厚禄而无愧，奸者不保于自身。这两种人在思想上针锋相对，对权力与责任的理解和运用亦截然不同，他们也会最终得到相应的奖惩。作者用对比手法分别刻画二者的内心世界、表现其对帝王乃至国家政事的不同影响，以及各自的结局，使得贤相与奸相势同水火的状态更为鲜明地呈现在读者眼前。至于庸才，则只以寥寥几笔为之勾勒脸谱，说他们既无过不必挨骂，又无功不受赞誉，成天随大流，尸位素餐、滥竽充数、明哲保身而已。
　　柳宗元诗的总特色可概括为“冷峻”二字（前人有所谓“秾秾纤简淡、清峭森严”的说法），这是诗人谪居永州十年“恒惴栗”的主观心绪和那“南夷”“凄神寒骨、悄怆幽邃”的自然环境相互交织在诗中的必然反映，但这并不是说他的每一首诗都如此。在他的永州山水诗中，也有一些写得“冷”而不“峻”，“清”而不“峭”的，如古体诗《渔翁》和这首《《雨晴至江渡》柳宗元 古诗》的七言绝句就是这样，它文笔简淡却描写传神，画面清幽而意境深远，给读者以广阔的空间想象美而绝无丝毫森严峻峭之感。
　　音乐之美本在于声，可诗中对筝乐除一个笼统的“弹”字几乎没有正面描写，接下去却集中笔力，写出一个无声的顷刻。这无声是“弦凝”，是乐曲的一个有机组成部分；这无声是“指咽”，是如泣如诉的情绪上升到顶点所起的突变；这无声是“声停”，而不是一味的沉寂。正因为与声情攸关，它才不同于真的无声，因而听者从这里获得的感受是“别有深情一万重”。
　　沈德潜评论本文：“抑扬顿挫，得《史记》神髓，《五代史》中，第一篇文字。”此言达哉！