黄菊因暄却未开。上国莫归戎马乱，故人何在塞鸿来。同是缑山裔，况同花甲周。唯偏金坛隐，独领瑶池秋。瑶池碧桃若鸡卵，更有交梨大于盌。君如欲勒弇岭名，共策踰轮追穆满。月日，居易白。微之足下：自足下谪江陵至于今，凡枉赠答诗仅百篇。每诗来，或辱序，或辱书，冠于卷首，皆所以陈古今歌诗之义，且自叙为文因缘，与年月之远近也。仆既受足下诗，又谕足下此意，常欲承答来旨，粗论歌诗大端，并自述为文之意，总为一书，致足下前。累岁已来，牵故少暇，间有容隙，或欲为之；又自思所陈，亦无出足下之见；临纸复罢者数四，卒不能成就其志，以至于今。今俟罪浔阳，除盥栉食寝外无余事，因览足下去通州日所留新旧文二十六轴，开卷得意，忽如会面，心所畜者，便欲快言，往往自疑，不知相去万里也。既而愤悱之气，思有所浊，遂追就前志，勉为此书，足下幸试为仆留意一省。夫文，尚矣，三才各有文。天之文三光首之；地之文五材首之；人之文《六经》首之。就《六经》言，《诗》又首之。何者？圣人感人心而天下和平。感人心者，莫先乎情，莫始乎言，莫切乎声，莫深乎义。诗者，根情，苗言，华声，实义。上自圣贤，下至愚騃，微及豚鱼，幽及鬼神。群分而气同，形异而情一。未有声入而不应、情交而不感者。圣人知其然，因其言，经之以六义；缘其声，纬之以五音。音有韵，义有类。韵协则言顺，言顺则声易入；类举则情见，情见则感易交。于是乎孕大含深，贯微洞密，上下通而一气泰，忧乐合而百志熙。五帝三皇所以直道而行、垂拱而理者，揭此以为大柄，决此以为大窦也。故闻“元首明，股肱良”之歌，则知虞道昌矣。闻五子洛汭之歌，则知夏政荒矣。言者无罪，闻者足诫，言者闻者莫不两尽其心焉。洎周衰秦兴，采诗官废，上不以诗补察时政，下不以歌泄导人情。用至于谄成之风动，救失之道缺。于时六义始剚矣。《国风》变为《骚辞》，五言始于苏、李。《诗》、《骚》皆不遇者，各系其志，发而为文。故河梁之句，止于伤别；泽畔之吟，归于怨思。彷徨抑郁，不暇及他耳。然去《诗》未远，梗概尚存。故兴离别则引双凫一雁为喻，讽君子小人则引香草恶鸟为比。虽义类不具，犹得风人之什二三焉。于时六义始缺矣。晋、宋已还，得者盖寡。以康乐之奥博，多溺于山水；以渊明之高古，偏放于田园。江、鲍之流，又狭于此。如梁鸿《五噫》之例者，百无一二。于时六义浸微矣！陵夷至于梁、陈间，率不过嘲风雪、弄花草而已。噫！风雪花草之物，三百篇中岂舍之乎？顾所用何如耳。设如“北风其凉”，假风以刺威虐；“雨雪霏霏”，因雪以愍征役；“棠棣之华”，感华以讽兄弟；“采采芣苡”，美草以乐有子也。皆兴发于此而义归于彼。反是者，可乎哉！然则“余霞散成绮，澄江净如练”，“归花先委露，别叶乍辞风”之什，丽则丽矣，吾不知其所讽焉。故仆所谓嘲风雪、弄花草而已。于时六义尽去矣。唐兴二百年，其间诗人不可胜数。所可举者，陈子昂有《感遇诗》二十首，鲍防《感兴诗》十五篇。又诗之豪者，世称李、杜。李之作，才矣！奇矣！人不迨矣！索其风雅比兴，十无一焉。杜诗最多，可传者千余首。至于贯穿古今，覙缕格律，尽工尽善，又过于李焉。然撮其《新安》、《石壕》、《潼关吏》、《芦子关》、《花门》之章，“朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨”之句，亦不过十三四。杜尚如此，况不迨杜者乎？仆常痛诗道崩坏，忽忽愤发，或废食辍寝，不量才力，欲扶起之。嗟乎！事有大谬者，又不可一二而言，然亦不能不粗陈于左右。仆始生六七月时，乳母抱弄于书屏下，有指“之”字、“无”字示仆者，仆口未能言，心已默识。后有问此二字者，虽百十其试，而指之不差。则知仆宿习之缘，已在文字中矣。及五六岁，便学为诗。九岁谙识声韵。十五六，始知有进士，苦节读书。二十已来，昼课赋，夜课书，间又课诗，不遑寝息矣。以至于口舌成疮，手肘成胝。既壮而肤革不丰盈，未老而齿发早衰白；瞀瞀然如飞蝇垂珠在眸子中者，动以万数，盖以苦学力文之所致，又自悲。家贫多故，二十七方从乡赋。既第之后，虽专于科试，亦不废诗。及授校书郎时，已盈三四百首。或出示交友如足下辈，见皆谓之工，其实未窥作者之域耳。自登朝来，年齿渐长，阅事渐多。每与人言，多询时务；每读书史，多求理道。始知文章合为时而着，歌诗合为事而作。是时皇帝初即位，宰府有正人，屡降玺书，访人急病。仆当此日，擢在翰林，身是谏官，月请谏纸。启奏之间，有可以救济人病，裨补时阙，而难于指言者，辄咏歌之，欲稍稍进闻于上。上以广宸听，副忧勤；次以酬恩奖，塞言责；下以复吾平生之志。岂图志未就而悔已生，言未闻而谤已成矣！又请为左右终言之。凡闻仆《贺雨诗》，众口籍籍，以为非宜矣；闻仆《哭孔戡诗》，众面脉脉，尽不悦矣；闻《秦中吟》，则权豪贵近者，相目而变色矣；闻《登乐游园》寄足下诗，则执政柄者扼腕矣；闻《宿紫阁村》诗，则握军要者切齿矣！大率如此，不可遍举。不相与者，号为沽誉，号为诋讦，号为讪谤。苟相与者，则如牛僧孺之诫焉。乃至骨肉妻孥，皆以我为非也。其不我非者，举世不过三两人。有邓鲂者，见仆诗而喜，无何鲂死。有唐衢者，见仆诗而泣，未几而衢死。其余即足下。足下又十年来困踬若此。呜唿！岂六义四始之风，天将破坏，不可支持耶？抑又不知天意不欲使下人病苦闻于上耶？不然，何有志于诗者，不利若此之甚也！然仆又自思关东一男子耳，除读书属文外，其他懵然无知，乃至书画棋博，可以接群居之欢者，一无通晓，即其愚拙可知矣！初应进士时，中朝无缌麻之亲，达官无半面之旧；策蹇步于利足之途，张空拳于战文之场。十年之间，三登科第，名落众耳，迹升清贯，出交贤俊，入侍冕旒。始得名于文章，终得罪于文章，亦其宜也。日者闻亲友间说，礼、吏部举选人，多以仆私试赋判为准的。其余诗句，亦往往在人口中。仆恧然自愧，不之信也。及再来长安，又闻有军使高霞寓者，欲聘倡妓，妓大夸曰：“我诵得白学士《长恨歌》，岂同他哉？”由是增价。又足下书云：到通州日，见江馆柱间有题仆诗者。何人哉？又昨过汉南日，适遇主人集众娱乐，他宾诸妓见仆来，指而相顾曰：此是《秦中吟》、《长恨歌》主耳。自长安抵江西三四千里，凡乡校、佛寺、逆旅、行舟之中，往往有题仆诗者；士庶、僧徒、孀妇、处女之口，每有咏仆诗者。此诚雕篆之戏，不足为多，然今时俗所重，正在此耳。虽前贤如渊、云者，前辈如李、杜者，亦未能忘情于其间。古人云：“名者公器，不可多取。”仆是何者，窃时之名已多。既窃时名，又欲窃时之富贵，使己为造物者，肯兼与之乎？今之屯穷，理固然也。况诗人多蹇，如陈子昂、杜甫，各授一拾遗，而屯剥至死。孟浩然辈不及一命，穷悴终身。近日孟郊六十，终试协律；张籍五十，未离一太祝。彼何人哉！况仆之才又不迨彼。今虽谪佐远郡，而官品至第五，月俸四五万，寒有衣，饥有食，给身之外，施及家人。亦可谓不负白氏子矣。微之，微之！勿念我哉！仆数月来，检讨囊帙中，得新旧诗，各以类分，分为卷目。自拾遗来，凡所遇所感，关于美刺兴比者；又自武德至元和，因事立题，题为“新乐府”者，共一百五十首，谓之讽谕诗。又或退公独处，或移动病闲居，知足保和，吟玩性情者一百首，谓之”闲适诗“。又有事物牵于外，情理动于内，随感遇而形于叹咏者一百首，谓之”感伤诗“。又有五言、七言、长句、绝句，自一百韵至两百韵者四百余首，谓之”杂律诗“。凡为十五卷，约八百首。异时相见，当尽致于执事。微之，古人云：“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。”仆虽不肖，常师此语。大丈夫所守者道，所待者时。时之来也，为云龙，为风鹏，勃然突然，陈力以出；时之不来也，为雾豹，为冥鸿，寂兮寥兮，奉身而退。进退出处，何往而不自得哉！故仆志在兼济，行在独善，奉而始终之则为道，言而发明之则为诗。谓之讽谕诗，兼济之志也；谓之闲适诗，独善之义也。故览仆诗者，知仆之道焉。其余杂律诗，或诱于一时一物，发于一笑一吟，率然成章，非平生所尚者，但以亲朋合散之际，取其释恨佐欢，今铨次之间，未能删去。他时有为我编集斯文者，略之可也。微之，夫贵耳贱目，荣古陋今，人之大情也。仆不能远征古旧，如近岁韦苏州歌行，才丽之外，颇近兴讽；其五言诗，又高雅闲淡，自成一家之体，今之秉笔者谁能及之？然当苏州在时，人亦未甚爱重，必待身后，人始贵之。今仆之诗，人所爱者，悉不过杂律诗与《长恨歌》已下耳。时之所重，仆之所轻。至于讽谕者，意激而言质；闲适者，思澹而辞迂。以质合迂，宜人之不爱也。今所爱者，并世而生，独足下耳。然百千年后，安知复无如足下者出，而知爱我诗哉？故自八九年来，与足下小通则以诗相戒，小穷则以诗相勉，索居则以诗相慰，同处则以诗相娱。知吾罪吾，率以诗也。如今年春游城南时，与足下马上相戏，因各诵新艳小律，不杂他篇，自皇子陂归昭国里，迭吟递唱，不绝声者二十里余。攀、李在傍，无所措口。知我者以为诗仙，不知我者以为诗魔。何则？劳心灵，役声气，连朝接夕，不自知其苦，非魔而何？偶同人当美景，或花时宴罢，或月夜酒酣，一咏一吟，不觉老之将至。虽骖鸾鹤、游蓬瀛者之适，无以加于此焉，又非仙而何？微之，微之！此吾所以与足下外形骸、脱踪迹、傲轩鼎、轻人寰者，又以此也。当此之时，足下兴有余力，且欲与仆悉索还往中诗，取其尤长者，如张十八古乐府，李二十新歌行，卢、杨二秘书律诗，窦七、元八绝句，博搜精掇，编而次之，号为《元白往还集》。众君子得拟议于此者，莫不踊跃欣喜，以为盛事。嗟乎！言未终而足下左转，不数月而仆又继行，心期索然，何日成就？又可为之太息矣！仆常语足下，凡人为文，私于自是，不忍于割截，或失于繁多。其间妍媸，益又自惑。必待交友有公鉴无姑息者，讨论而削夺之，然后繁简当否，得其中矣。况仆与足下，为文尤患其多。己尚病，况他人乎？今且各纂诗笔，粗为卷第，待与足下相见日，各出所有，终前志焉。又不知相遇是何年，相见是何地，溘然而至，则如之何？微之知我心哉！浔阳腊月，江风苦寒，岁暮鲜欢，夜长少睡。引笔铺纸，悄然灯前，有念则书，言无铨次。勿以繁杂为倦，且以代一夕之话言也。居易自叙如此，文士以为信然。千里潇湘烟渺渺。不记雕梁，旧日恩多少。匝近清明檐外叫。故巢犹在朱檐晓。山中杂兴二首人生可怜，流光一瞬，华表千年。江山好处追游遍，古意翛然。琵琶恨青衫乐天，洞箫寒赤壁坡仙。村酒好溪鱼贱，芙蓉岸边，醉上钓鱼船。风波几场，急疏利锁，顿解名缰。故园老树应无恙，梦绕沧浪。伴赤松归欤子房，赋寒梅瘦却何郎。溪桥上，东风暗香，浮动月昏黄。次韵二首寻思几般，围腰玉瘦，约腕金宽。怕春归又是春将半，信杳青鸾。赋离恨花笺短短，散清愁柳絮漫漫。阑干畔，芳枝绿满，梅子替心酸。相思故人，钗分恨股，粉印娇痕。数归期屈得春纤困，两地销魂。楼外青山隐隐，花前红雨纷纷。天涯近，回头楚云，新月破黄昏。野梅风姿澹然，琼酥点点，翠羽翩翩。罗浮旧日春风面，邂逅神仙。花自老青山路边，梦不到白玉堂前。空嗟羡，伤心故园，何日是归年？望仙子诗卷沧浪小龙，翩翩桂旗，隐隐莲峰。歌尘隔断蓬莱洞，此夜相逢。羽衣曲蟾华月宫，紫箫声鹤背天风。游仙梦，青山万重，云冷玉芙蓉。湖上酸斋索赋寻春底忙，金鞭弄影，翠袖藏香。彩笺诗满西湖上，误入平康。到处莺花醉乡，当家风月排场。贪游荡，马嘶绿杨，占断紫云娘。送别二首分飞断肠，花笺写恨，粉腕留香。临行体倚危楼望，总是凄凉。人去去寒烟树苍，马箫箫落日沙黄。牙床上，相思夜长，翠被梦鸳鸯。愁春未醒，芳心可可，旧友卿卿。乍分飞早是相思病，几度伤情。思往事银瓶坠井，赋离怀象管呵冰。人孤另，梅花月明，熬尽短学灯。湖上通仙旧冢，西施淡妆，坡老衰翁。香云一枕繁华梦，流水光中。暮霭钟声故宫，夕阳塔影高峰。桃源洞，花开乱红，无树着春风。过钓台穷通异乡，故人别后，短棹沧浪。相寻下榻云霄上，旧日疏狂。魂梦远不知汉光，脚头睡只记刘郎。山无恙，归耕富阳，千古占桐江。金华道中二首西风瘦马，遥天去鸿，落日昏鸦。数前程掐得个归藏卦，梦到山家。柳下纶竿钓槎，水边篱落梅花。渔樵话，从头儿听他，白发耐乌纱。营营苟苟，纷纷扰扰，莫莫休休。厌红尘拂断归山袖，明月扁舟。留几册梅诗占手，盖三间茅屋遮头。还能够，牧羊儿肯留，相伴赤松游。题位朱门半掩，花笺自检，绣线慵拈。相思有债前生欠，今日新添。弹旧曲徒劳玉纤，遣春愁不离眉尖。黄昏渐，青山一点，新月挂冰蟾。客中九日干坤俯仰，贤愚醉醒，今古兴亡。剑花寒夜坐归心壮，又是他乡。九日明朝酒香，一年好景橙黄。龙山上，西风树响，吹老鬓毛霜。敲金扣石声相凌，遥空冷静天正澄。宝瓶下井辘轳急，东家西家罢来往，晴日深窗风雨响。三眠蚕起食叶多，陌头桑树空枝柯。新妇守箔女执筐，头发不梳一月忙。三姑祭后今年好，满簇如云茧成早。檐前蝶车急作丝，又是夏税相催时。

huang ju yin xuan que wei kai .shang guo mo gui rong ma luan .gu ren he zai sai hong lai .tong shi gou shan yi .kuang tong hua jia zhou .wei pian jin tan yin .du ling yao chi qiu .yao chi bi tao ruo ji luan .geng you jiao li da yu wan .jun ru yu le yan ling ming .gong ce yu lun zhui mu man .yue ri .ju yi bai .wei zhi zu xia .zi zu xia zhe jiang ling zhi yu jin .fan wang zeng da shi jin bai pian .mei shi lai .huo ru xu .huo ru shu .guan yu juan shou .jie suo yi chen gu jin ge shi zhi yi .qie zi xu wei wen yin yuan .yu nian yue zhi yuan jin ye .pu ji shou zu xia shi .you yu zu xia ci yi .chang yu cheng da lai zhi .cu lun ge shi da duan .bing zi shu wei wen zhi yi .zong wei yi shu .zhi zu xia qian .lei sui yi lai .qian gu shao xia .jian you rong xi .huo yu wei zhi .you zi si suo chen .yi wu chu zu xia zhi jian .lin zhi fu ba zhe shu si .zu bu neng cheng jiu qi zhi .yi zhi yu jin .jin si zui xun yang .chu guan zhi shi qin wai wu yu shi .yin lan zu xia qu tong zhou ri suo liu xin jiu wen er 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.jin .song yi huan .de zhe gai gua .yi kang le zhi ao bo .duo ni yu shan shui .yi yuan ming zhi gao gu .pian fang yu tian yuan .jiang .bao zhi liu .you xia yu ci .ru liang hong .wu yi .zhi li zhe .bai wu yi er .yu shi liu yi jin wei yi .ling yi zhi yu liang .chen jian .lv bu guo chao feng xue .nong hua cao er yi .yi .feng xue hua cao zhi wu .san bai pian zhong qi she zhi hu .gu suo yong he ru er .she ru .bei feng qi liang ..jia feng yi ci wei nue ..yu xue fei fei ..yin xue yi min zheng yi ..tang di zhi hua ..gan hua yi feng xiong di ..cai cai fu yi ..mei cao yi le you zi ye .jie xing fa yu ci er yi gui yu bi .fan shi zhe .ke hu zai .ran ze .yu xia san cheng qi .cheng jiang jing ru lian ...gui hua xian wei lu .bie ye zha ci feng .zhi shi .li ze li yi .wu bu zhi qi suo feng yan .gu pu suo wei chao feng xue .nong hua cao er yi .yu shi liu yi jin qu yi .tang xing er bai nian .qi jian shi ren bu ke sheng shu .suo ke ju zhe .chen zi ang you .gan yu shi .er shi shou .bao fang .gan xing shi .shi wu pian .you shi zhi hao zhe .shi cheng li .du .li zhi zuo .cai yi .qi yi .ren bu dai yi .suo qi feng ya bi xing .shi wu yi yan .du shi zui duo .ke chuan zhe qian yu shou .zhi yu guan chuan gu jin .zhen lv ge lv .jin gong jin shan .you guo yu li yan .ran cuo qi .xin an ...shi hao ...tong guan li ...lu zi guan ...hua men .zhi zhang ..zhu men jiu rou chou .lu you dong si gu .zhi ju .yi bu guo shi san si .du shang ru ci .kuang bu dai du zhe hu .pu chang tong shi dao beng huai .hu hu fen fa .huo fei shi chuo qin .bu liang cai li .yu fu qi zhi .jie hu .shi you da miu zhe .you bu ke yi er er yan .ran yi bu neng bu cu chen yu zuo you .pu shi sheng liu qi yue shi .ru mu bao nong yu shu ping xia .you zhi .zhi .zi ..wu .zi shi pu zhe .pu kou wei neng yan .xin yi mo shi .hou you wen ci er zi zhe .sui bai shi qi shi .er zhi zhi bu cha .ze zhi pu su xi zhi yuan .yi zai wen zi zhong yi .ji wu liu sui .bian xue wei shi .jiu sui an shi sheng yun .shi wu liu .shi zhi you jin shi .ku jie du shu .er shi yi lai .zhou ke fu .ye ke shu .jian you ke shi .bu huang qin xi yi .yi zhi yu kou she cheng chuang .shou zhou cheng zhi .ji zhuang er fu ge bu feng ying .wei lao er chi fa zao shuai bai .mao mao ran ru fei ying chui zhu zai mou zi zhong zhe .dong yi wan shu .gai yi ku xue li wen zhi suo zhi .you zi bei .jia pin duo gu .er shi qi fang cong xiang fu .ji di zhi hou .sui zhuan yu ke shi .yi bu fei shi .ji shou xiao shu lang shi .yi ying san si bai shou .huo chu shi jiao you ru zu xia bei .jian jie wei zhi gong .qi shi wei kui zuo zhe zhi yu er .zi deng chao lai .nian chi jian chang .yue shi jian duo .mei yu ren yan .duo xun shi wu .mei du shu shi .duo qiu li dao .shi zhi wen zhang he wei shi er zhuo .ge shi he wei shi er zuo .shi shi huang di chu ji wei .zai fu you zheng ren .lv jiang xi shu .fang ren ji bing .pu dang ci ri .zhuo zai han lin .shen shi jian guan .yue qing jian zhi .qi zou zhi jian .you ke yi jiu ji ren bing .bi bu shi que .er nan yu zhi yan zhe .zhe yong ge zhi .yu shao 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ke zhi chi ye .yi you bu zhi tian yi bu yu shi xia ren bing ku wen yu shang ye .bu ran .he you zhi yu shi zhe .bu li ruo ci zhi shen ye .ran pu you zi si guan dong yi nan zi er .chu du shu shu wen wai .qi ta meng ran wu zhi .nai zhi shu hua qi bo .ke yi jie qun ju zhi huan zhe .yi wu tong xiao .ji qi yu zhuo ke zhi yi .chu ying jin shi shi .zhong chao wu si ma zhi qin .da guan wu ban mian zhi jiu .ce jian bu yu li zu zhi tu .zhang kong quan yu zhan wen zhi chang .shi nian zhi jian .san deng ke di .ming luo zhong er .ji sheng qing guan .chu jiao xian jun .ru shi mian liu .shi de ming yu wen zhang .zhong de zui yu wen zhang .yi qi yi ye .ri zhe wen qin you jian shuo .li .li bu ju xuan ren .duo yi pu si shi fu pan wei zhun de .qi yu shi ju .yi wang wang zai ren kou zhong .pu nv ran zi kui .bu zhi xin ye .ji zai lai chang an .you wen you jun shi gao xia yu zhe .yu pin chang ji .ji da kua yue ..wo song de bai xue shi .chang hen ge ..qi tong ta zai ..you shi zeng jia .you zu xia shu yun .dao tong zhou ri .jian jiang guan zhu jian you ti pu shi zhe .he ren zai .you zuo guo han nan ri .shi yu zhu ren ji zhong yu le .ta bin zhu ji jian pu lai .zhi er xiang gu yue .ci shi .qin zhong yin ...chang hen ge .zhu er .zi chang an di jiang xi san si qian li .fan xiang xiao .fo si .ni lv .xing zhou zhi zhong .wang wang you ti pu shi zhe .shi shu .seng tu .shuang fu .chu nv zhi kou .mei you yong pu shi zhe .ci cheng diao zhuan zhi xi .bu zu wei duo .ran jin shi su suo zhong .zheng zai ci er .sui qian xian ru yuan .yun zhe .qian bei ru li .du zhe .yi wei neng wang qing yu qi jian .gu ren yun ..ming zhe gong qi .bu ke duo qu ..pu shi he zhe .qie shi zhi ming yi duo .ji qie shi ming .you yu qie shi zhi fu gui .shi ji wei zao wu zhe .ken jian yu zhi hu .jin zhi tun qiong .li gu ran ye .kuang shi ren duo jian .ru chen zi ang .du fu .ge shou yi shi yi .er tun bao zhi si .meng hao ran bei bu ji yi ming .qiong cui zhong shen .jin ri meng jiao liu shi .zhong shi xie lv .zhang ji wu shi .wei li yi tai zhu .bi he ren zai .kuang pu zhi cai you bu dai bi .jin sui zhe zuo yuan jun .er guan pin zhi di wu .yue feng si wu wan .han you yi .ji you shi .gei shen zhi wai .shi ji jia ren .yi ke wei bu fu bai shi zi yi .wei zhi .wei zhi .wu nian wo zai .pu shu yue lai .jian tao nang zhi zhong .de xin jiu shi .ge yi lei fen .fen wei juan mu .zi shi yi lai .fan suo yu suo gan .guan yu mei ci xing bi zhe .you zi wu de zhi yuan he .yin shi li ti .ti wei .xin le fu .zhe .gong yi bai wu shi shou .wei zhi feng yu shi .you huo tui gong du chu .huo yi dong bing xian ju .zhi zu bao he .yin wan xing qing zhe yi bai shou .wei zhi .xian shi shi ..you you shi wu qian yu wai .qing li dong yu nei .sui gan yu er xing yu tan yong zhe yi bai shou .wei zhi .gan shang shi ..you you wu yan .qi yan .chang ju .jue ju .zi yi bai yun zhi liang bai yun zhe si bai yu shou .wei zhi .za lv shi ..fan wei shi wu juan .yue ba bai shou .yi shi xiang jian .dang jin zhi yu zhi shi .wei zhi .gu ren yun ..qiong ze du shan qi shen .da ze jian ji tian xia ..pu sui bu xiao .chang shi ci yu .da zhang fu suo shou zhe dao .suo dai zhe shi .shi zhi lai ye .wei yun long .wei feng peng .bo ran tu ran .chen li yi chu .shi zhi bu lai ye .wei wu bao .wei ming hong .ji xi liao xi .feng shen er tui .jin tui chu chu .he wang er bu zi de zai .gu pu zhi zai jian ji .xing zai du shan .feng er shi zhong zhi ze wei dao .yan er fa ming zhi ze wei shi .wei zhi feng yu shi .jian ji zhi zhi ye .wei zhi xian shi shi .du shan zhi yi ye .gu lan pu shi zhe .zhi pu zhi dao yan .qi yu za lv shi .huo you yu yi shi yi wu .fa yu yi xiao yi yin .lv ran cheng zhang .fei ping sheng suo shang zhe .dan yi qin peng he san zhi ji .qu qi shi hen zuo huan .jin quan ci zhi jian .wei neng shan qu .ta shi you wei wo bian ji si wen zhe .lue zhi ke ye .wei zhi .fu gui er jian mu .rong gu lou jin .ren zhi da qing ye .pu bu neng yuan zheng gu jiu .ru jin sui wei su zhou ge xing .cai li zhi wai .po jin xing feng .qi wu yan shi .you gao ya xian dan .zi 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chao jie xi .bu zi zhi qi ku .fei mo er he .ou tong ren dang mei jing .huo hua shi yan ba .huo yue ye jiu han .yi yong yi yin .bu jue lao zhi jiang zhi .sui can luan he .you peng ying zhe zhi shi .wu yi jia yu ci yan .you fei xian er he .wei zhi .wei zhi .ci wu suo yi yu zu xia wai xing hai .tuo zong ji .ao xuan ding .qing ren huan zhe .you yi ci ye .dang ci zhi shi .zu xia xing you yu li .qie yu yu pu xi suo huan wang zhong shi .qu qi you chang zhe .ru zhang shi ba gu le fu .li er shi xin ge xing .lu .yang er mi shu lv shi .dou qi .yuan ba jue ju .bo sou jing duo .bian er ci zhi .hao wei .yuan bai wang huan ji ..zhong jun zi de ni yi yu ci zhe .mo bu yong yue xin xi .yi wei sheng shi .jie hu .yan wei zhong er zu xia zuo zhuan .bu shu yue er pu you ji xing .xin qi suo ran .he ri cheng jiu .you ke wei zhi tai xi yi .pu chang yu zu xia .fan ren wei wen .si yu zi shi .bu ren yu ge jie .huo shi yu fan duo .qi jian yan chi .yi you zi huo .bi dai jiao you you gong jian wu gu xi zhe .tao lun er xiao duo zhi .ran hou fan jian dang fou .de qi zhong yi .kuang pu yu zu xia .wei wen you huan qi duo .ji shang bing .kuang ta ren hu .jin qie ge zuan shi bi .cu wei juan di .dai yu zu xia xiang jian ri .ge chu suo you .zhong qian zhi yan .you bu zhi xiang yu shi he nian .xiang jian shi he di .ke ran er zhi .ze ru zhi he .wei zhi zhi wo xin zai .xun yang la yue .jiang feng ku han .sui mu xian huan .ye chang shao shui .yin bi pu zhi .qiao ran deng qian .you nian ze shu .yan wu quan ci .wu yi fan za wei juan .qie yi dai yi xi zhi hua yan ye .ju yi zi xu ru ci .wen shi yi wei xin ran .qian li xiao xiang yan miao miao .bu ji diao liang .jiu ri en duo shao .za jin qing ming yan wai jiao .gu chao you zai zhu yan xiao .shan zhong za xing er shou ren sheng ke lian .liu guang yi shun .hua biao qian nian .jiang shan hao chu zhui you bian .gu yi xiao ran .pi pa hen qing shan le tian .dong xiao han chi bi po xian .cun jiu hao xi yu jian .fu rong an bian .zui shang diao yu chuan .feng bo ji chang 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qu chan hua yue gong .zi xiao sheng he bei tian feng .you xian meng .qing shan wan zhong .yun leng yu fu rong .hu shang suan zhai suo fu xun chun di mang .jin bian nong ying .cui xiu cang xiang .cai jian shi man xi hu shang .wu ru ping kang .dao chu ying hua zui xiang .dang jia feng yue pai chang .tan you dang .ma si lv yang .zhan duan zi yun niang .song bie er shou fen fei duan chang .hua jian xie hen .fen wan liu xiang .lin xing ti yi wei lou wang .zong shi qi liang .ren qu qu han yan shu cang .ma xiao xiao luo ri sha huang .ya chuang shang .xiang si ye chang .cui bei meng yuan yang .chou chun wei xing .fang xin ke ke .jiu you qing qing .zha fen fei zao shi xiang si bing .ji du shang qing .si wang shi yin ping zhui jing .fu li huai xiang guan he bing .ren gu ling .mei hua yue ming .ao jin duan xue deng .hu shang tong xian jiu zhong .xi shi dan zhuang .po lao shuai weng .xiang yun yi zhen fan hua meng .liu shui guang zhong .mu ai zhong sheng gu gong .xi yang ta ying gao feng .tao yuan dong .hua kai luan hong .wu shu zhuo chun feng .guo diao tai qiong tong yi xiang .gu ren bie hou .duan zhao cang lang .xiang xun xia ta yun xiao shang .jiu ri shu kuang .hun meng yuan bu zhi han guang .jiao tou shui zhi ji liu lang .shan wu yang .gui geng fu yang .qian gu zhan tong jiang .jin hua dao zhong er shou xi feng shou ma .yao tian qu hong .luo ri hun ya .shu qian cheng qia de ge gui cang gua .meng dao shan jia .liu xia lun gan diao cha .shui bian li luo mei hua .yu qiao hua .cong tou er ting ta .bai fa nai wu sha .ying ying gou gou .fen fen rao rao .mo mo xiu xiu .yan hong chen fu duan gui shan xiu .ming yue bian zhou .liu ji ce mei shi zhan shou .gai san jian mao wu zhe tou .huan neng gou .mu yang er ken liu .xiang ban chi song you .ti wei zhu men ban yan .hua jian zi jian .xiu xian yong nian .xiang si you zhai qian sheng qian .jin ri xin tian .dan jiu qu tu lao yu xian .qian chun chou bu li mei jian .huang hun jian .qing shan yi dian .xin yue gua bing chan .ke zhong jiu ri gan kun fu yang .xian yu zui xing .jin gu xing wang .jian hua han ye zuo gui xin zhuang .you shi ta xiang .jiu ri ming chao jiu xiang .yi nian hao jing cheng huang .long shan shang .xi feng shu xiang .chui lao bin mao shuang .qiao jin kou shi sheng xiang ling .yao kong leng jing tian zheng cheng .bao ping xia jing lu lu ji .dong jia xi jia ba lai wang .qing ri shen chuang feng yu xiang .san mian can qi shi ye duo .mo tou sang shu kong zhi ke .xin fu shou bo nv zhi kuang .tou fa bu shu yi yue mang .san gu ji hou jin nian hao .man cu ru yun jian cheng zao .yan qian die che ji zuo si .you shi xia shui xiang cui shi .

东方角宿还没放光，太阳又在哪(na)里匿藏？
⑤高曳：高，指竹篙。曳，指楫，划船用的桨。有的姑娘长着黑色直眉，美丽的眼睛逸彩流光。
①伤高：登高的感概。怀远：对远方征人的思念。穷：穷尽，了结。孤雁不理睬地飞过去了，飞动的影子更使我(wo)伤心。
12侈：大，多双雁生死相许的深情(qing)连上天(tian)也嫉妒，殉情的大雁决不会和莺儿燕子一般，死后化为一抔尘土。
⑸灼灼：色彩鲜艳的样子。夜深了，江上的月色特别皎洁，又传来舟子晚归时的歌声。
9.终老：度过晚年直至去世。　　从前，楚襄王让宋玉、景差跟随着游兰台宫。一阵风吹来，飒飒作响，楚王敞开衣襟，迎着风，说：“这风多么畅快啊！这是我和百姓所共有的吧。”宋玉说：“这只是大王的雄风罢了，百姓怎么能和您共同享受它呢？”宋玉的话在这儿大概有讽喻的意味吧。风并没有雄雌的区别，而人有生得逢时，生不逢时的不同。楚王感到快乐的原因，而百姓感到忧愁的原因，正是由于人们的境遇不同，跟风又有什么关系呢?读书人生活在世上，假使心中不坦然，那么，到哪里没有忧愁？假使胸怀坦荡，不因为外物而伤害天性（本性），那么，在什么地方会不感到快乐呢？（读书人生活在世上，如果他(ta)的内心不能自得其乐，那么，他到什么地方去会不忧愁呢？如果他心情开朗，不因为环境的影响而伤害自己的情绪，那么，他到什么地方去会不整天愉快呢？）
廊：响屐廊。《吴郡志(zhi)·古迹》："响屐廊在灵岩山寺，相传吴王令西施辈步屐。廊虚而响，故名。我曾像王维描绘《辋川图》那样，细细品味吴中暮春景物，也常常吟诵王右丞的诗句。定个还乡的归期天公已应许，身上春衫(shan)还是小蛮的细针密线，曾浸湿了西湖依依的泪雨。
（38）典属国：掌管异族投降者的官。

　　《《答王十二寒夜独酌有怀》李白 古诗》这首诗突出反映了李白反权贵精神。诗长、典故多，不太好懂，但要读懂。王十二：是李白的朋友，他有一首《寒夜独酌有怀》的诗赠李白，李白这首诗是答诗，大约写于天宝八载，这已是李白二入长婆以后的事。全诗可分四段：第一段：“昨夜吴中雪一一且须酣畅万古情”。主要写想象中王十二寒夜独自饮酒怀念自己的情景。
　　同样以咏宝剑言志的诗还有唐代郭震的《古剑篇》，此诗化用古代著名的龙泉宝剑的传说。诗中有“虽复沉埋无所用，渊能夜夜气冲天”的句子，与贾岛的这首《剑客》一样，在借咏剑以寄托自己的理想和抱负，抒发不遇感慨的同时，表现了一种虽然身处困顿之中，却相信“天生我材必有用”，自己终究不会被埋没，终将破壁飞腾而去的强烈自信。
　　“雪粉华，舞梨花。”大雪像白色的花海，像缤纷的梨花。古人常用梨花喻雪花，如岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》：“忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。”李渔《闲情偶寄》：“花花耐观，雪为天上之雪，此是人间雪”。作者饱蘸着热爱之情，写出了雪花的形状和神态。着一“舞”字，说明北风吹紧。作者仰视天空，雪花纷飞，弥漫天际，为下文写具体的景物留下了广阔的空间。“再不见烟村四五家。”北风吹扫，扬起雪粉，烟雾笼罩，仍依稀可辨那拥有四五户人家的村庄。此言久久平视之景。“四五家”，作者没有确指，说明烟雾之大，难以辨认清楚，联系下句这是傍晚黄昏时的景色。在此，作者既写出了冬天的特色，又写出了傍晚的特点。
　　这首诗想必是作于朱淑真的少女时代。何以见得？因为这首诗中还句句怜惜“连理枝”来着，此时的朱淑真，心中的“连理枝”应该不是她未来嫁的老公那样子。少女时的朱淑真，对将来的另一半要求挺高的，她有首《秋日偶成》诗这样写道：“初合双鬟学画眉，未知心事属他谁。待将满抱中秋月，分付萧郎万首诗。”
　　首联，概括写草堂周围环境，文笔简单随心，开头“《野老》杜甫 古诗”二字，是诗人自称。江岸回曲，竹篱茅舍，此时诗人正在草堂前的江边漫步观赏。“柴门”一句妙在写得毫不费力。这个柴门好像是随意安上去的，既然江流在这里拐了个弯，诗人就迎江安个门，方位不正也无所谓，一切任其自然。
　　这首写女子别离之怨的诗颇为特别。全篇除“梦不成”三字点出人物以外，全是景物描写。整首诗就象是几个组接得很巧妙的写景镜头。诗人要着重表现的，并不是女主人公的具体心理活动、思想感情，而是通过景物的描写、组合，渲染一种和主人公相思别离之怨和谐统一的氛围、情调。冰簟、银床、秋夜、碧空、明月、轻云、南雁、潇湘，以至笼罩在月光下的玉楼，这一切，组成了一幅清丽而含有寂寥哀伤情调的画图。整个画面的色调和谐地统一在轻柔朦胧的月色之中。读了这样的诗，对诗中人物的思想感情也许只有一个朦胧的印象，但那具有浓郁诗意的情调、气氛却将长时间留在记忆中。
　　第一句中“万丈洪泉落”，万丈有多高，实在让人难以想象，诗人要表达的正是心中那种不可确凿道出的对匡庐飞瀑雄奇险壮之气势的深深折服与崇爱之情。水自地下往上涌出曰之为泉，诗人以泉喻瀑，言飞瀑如洪泉而落，仿佛是将泉跟倒置了过来，任其泉水喷涌而下、源源不绝，所述情状极为形象，令人啧啧生叹。“迢迢半紫氛”一句状写的则是伴随着瀑布飞落而升腾起的缥缈水气。李白七绝《望庐山瀑布水》开篇就说高峭挺拔的香炉峰在旭日红光的映照下紫气蒸腾，烟雾缭绕，如同幻境一般，张九龄所言的“紫氛”大抵就是这种“日照香炉生紫烟”的神奇气象。迢迢，写雾霭之高；半，写紫雾似将色瀑截断。高高漂浮的水雾尚且只在瀑布半腰，那么洪泉万丈的源头，自然是深隐于一派迷蒙与虚无之中了。